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Christian Sects in the Nineteenth Century Part 5

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APPENDIX.

The following are extracts from the "Christianae Religionis Inst.i.tutio,"

of Faustus Socinus:

_Q_. Quid igitur de Dei natura, sive essentia, nosse omnino nos debere statuis?

_R_. Haec duo in summa. Quod sit et quod unus tantum sit.

_Q_. Verum quid quaeso saltem de Spiritu Sancto nunc mihi dicis de quo isti similiter affirmant eum esse divinam personam, nempe tertiam, et unum atque eundem numero Deum c.u.m Patre et Filio?

_R_. Nempe illum non esse personam aliquam a Deo cujus est spiritus, distinctam, sed tantum modo (ut nomen ipsum _Spiritus_, quod flatum et afflationem, ut sic loquar, significat, docere potest) ipsius Dei vim et efficaciam quandam, id est eam, quae sec.u.m sanct.i.tatem aliquam afferat.

_Q_. Quid censes de Christi natura sive essentia n.o.bis cognitii esse necessarium?

_R_. Id, ut antea dixi, sine cujus cognitione voluntas Dei erga nos per ipsum Christum patefacta, a n.o.bis vel sciri, vel servari nequeat.

_Q_. Quid igitur ex iis quae ad Christi naturam sive essentiam pertinent, ejusmodi esse censes?

_R_. Vix quidquam. Nam quaedam, quae ad ipsius Christi personam alioqui pertinent, et n.o.bis omnino ob praedictam causam cognita esse debent, non naturalia illi sunt, sed a Deo postmodum ipsi data et concessa, et sic ad Dei voluntatem sunt referenda, et quidem ad primam quam fecimus ejus partem, id est ad Dei operationes.

_Q_. Quae nam sunt ista?

_R_. Divinum imperium quod in nos habet. Rom. xiv. 9.; et suprema illa majestas. Ephes. i. 20, &c.; qua quidquid usquam est, aut excogitari potest, praeter unam tantum ipsius Dei majestatem longe excellit. 1 Cor.

xv. 27. Phil. ii. 8, 9. Heb. ii. 9. Haec enim Christo haud naturalia esse, sed a Deo Patre illi data fuisse, ipsumque ea per et propter mortem atque obedientiam et resurrectionem suam adeptum esse, apertissime scriptura testatur.

_Q_. Cur vero haec de Christo cognoscere omnino debemus?

_R_. Quia, ut Christum divino cultu officiamus vult Deus. Joh. v. 25.

Psal. xlv. 12. Heb. i. 6. Philip. ii. 10.; ejus generis, inquam, cultu cujus is est, quem ipsi Deo exhibere debemus.

_Q_. Quid de ipsa tamen Christi essentia seu natura statuis?

_R_. De Christi essentia ita statuo, illum esse hominem. Rom. v. 15.; in virginis utero, et sic sine viri ope, divini spiritus vi conceptum ac formatum. Matt. i. 20. 23. Luc. i. 35.; indeque genitum, primum quidem patibilem ac mortalem. 2 Cor. xiii. 4.; donec, scilicet munus sibi a Deo demandatum hie in terris obivit; deinde vero postquam in clum ascendit, impatibilem et immortalem factum. Rom. vi. 9.

_Q_. Quid enim primum sibi vult, quod innuis hoc quod Christus Dei filius sit proprius et unigenitus non omnino ad ejus naturam pertinere?

_R._ Divina ista Christi filiatio, eatenus tantum ad ejus naturam aliquo modo referri potest, quatenus id respicit quod Christus divini Spiritus vi sine viri ope in virginis utero conceptus et formatus fuit. Nam hujusce rei causa eum Dei filium vocatum ire, ipsius Dei Angelus ipsimet virgini, ex qua natus est, praedixit. Luc. i. 35; et quidem consequenter Dei filium proprium et unigenitum, c.u.m nemo alius hac ratione, et ab ipso primo ortu Dei films unquam ext.i.terit.

_R_. Quod attinet ad primum testimonium quod habetur (i.e. of praeexistence) Joh. i. 3. Dictio universalis _omnia_ non prorsus universaliter accipienda est, sed ad subjectam materiam restringenda, ut scilicet ea tantum omnia complectatur, quae ad Evangelium pertinent.

_Q_. Sed quid dices, quod in loco isto apud Johannem additur; sine verbo, id est Deo filio, nihil esse factum?

_R_. Immo c.u.m certum esse videatur, mox sequentia verba _quod factum est_ (quidquid nonnulli contra sentiant) c.u.m additione ista conjungenda esse: dicendum potius videtur, voluisse Evangelistam c.u.m ista addidit indicare se de quibusdam nunquam antea et nova ac mirabili ratione factis loqui. Nam ad docendum simpliciter se loqui de iis quae sunt facta nec semper fuerunt, satis habebat illa verba addere, _et sine ipso factum est nihil_. Itaque mysterio non videtur carere, quod praeterea addit _quod factum est_; subaudi novum et mirabile, ad mundi ipsius statum pertinens, &c. &c.

Jam dictum est (est de pnis persolvendis primum agamus) pnam quam uniusquisque nostrum propter delicta sua pendere tenebatur, mortem aeternam esse. Hanc profecto Christus non subiit; et si cam subiisset, universi salutis nostrae et liberationis a peccatorum pna spes, et ratio funditus eversa fuisset. Immo si jam Christus non resurrexisset, vana, ut inquit Paulus. 1 Cor. xv. 14, 17.; esset Evangelii praedicatio, et nos adhuc essemus in peccatis nostris. Et tamen, si idcirco nos serva.s.set Christus, quod pnas nostris peccatis debitas ipse sustinuisset, et n.o.bis ejus rei fides quoad ejus fieri poterat facienda fuisset; eum nunquam resurgere, sed in morte perpetuo manere oportuisset: Op. Vol. p. 197, fol. Edit.

Ac dicitis, ut conjeci potest, animadvertendum esse, aliam in ipsa essentia divina personam patris esse, aliam personam filii: et Patri potuisse a Filio satisfieri seu ut satisfierat, vim suppeditari: nec tamen aliquid quod satisfactioni per solutionem facienda adversetur, committi. Sed dicite obsecro, nonne ipsius filii personae non minus quam patris satisfaciendum fuisse affirmatis. Si filius patri satisfacit, hoc est, quod illi debetur solvit: quis ipsi filio, quod ipsi debetur, dabit?

Respondebitis, ut arbitror, si patri satisfactum fuit, filio quoque satisfactum esse; c.u.m eadem sit utriusque voluntas . . . Quomodo patri a filio quidquam ullo parto solvi potuisset si quod unius aut est, aut fit, alterius reipsa esse necesse foret? . . . At vero quis deinde ambigere queat filium patri nihil dare posse: c.u.m quidquid filius habet patris revera sit, et ipse Christus diserte dixerit, Joh. xvii. 10, omnia quae sua erant patris esse? Annon ex ipsa disciplina vestra, hoc est Dei essentiam non distinguere, sed partiri: si praeter personarum proprietates, aliquid unam personam habere velitis quod alia non habeat.

Filii autem personam proprietates suas patris personae pro peccatorum nostrorum satisfactione solvisse, cui unquam in mentem venire poteret?

Ib. p. 202.

FINIS.

CHARLES WHITTINGHAM, CHISWICK.

Footnotes.

{3} a?ap? which is the word generally translated _charity_ in the New Testament means _affectionate regard_. The distinction between charity and almsgiving is well laid down by St. Clement of Alexandria.

"Charity," says he, "leads to the sharing our good things with others; but this is not in itself charity, but only our outward sign of that feeling."

{4} See 1 Cor. ix. 19, 20.

{5a} Rom. xii. 10.

{5b} "No national prejudices, no religious differences could hinder our Saviour from doing good. We should consider that men's understandings naturally are not all of the same size and capacity, and that this difference is greatly increased by different education, different employments, different company, and the like. No man is infallible. We are liable to errors perhaps as much as others. The very best men may sometimes differ in opinion, as St. Paul 'withstood St. Peter to the face;' and if there was such a difference between two of the chiefest of the Apostles, well may there be between inferior mortals. About modes of faith there will always be dispute and difference; but in acts of mercy and kindness all mankind may and should agree."-_Newton_.

{8} "In fact, all the religious persecutions in the world, all the penalties and inflictions upon those who differ from ourselves, however conscientiously, take their rise from an imperfect and erroneous notion of what really const.i.tutes the glory of G.o.d, and the manner in which we best can a.s.sist its display and extension. The angels at the birth of Christ sang that the glory of G.o.d was in unison with 'Peace on earth, and good will towards men.'-'No!' said the Schoolman, 'the glory of G.o.d consists in thinking of the Deity as we think.'-'No!' said the Inquisitor, 'the glory of G.o.d consists in wors.h.i.+ping as we prescribe.'-'No!' said the Covenanters, 'the glory of G.o.d consists in exterminating those whom we call his enemies.' Mistaken men! who _thus_ propose to honour the G.o.d and Father of the universe, the merciful G.o.d, and the gracious Father of all his rational creatures! Instead of perusing with delight and conviction the plain declaration contained in our Sacred records, too many Christians have in almost every age pa.s.sed over the characteristics of kind design throughout nature: they have mistaken or forgotten the clear delineations of Divine Mercy and Goodness in the Book of Grace, and have had recourse to the narrowed circle of their own prejudices."-_Maltby's Sermons_.

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