Germania and Agricola Part 21

_In jactationem_. Al. jactatione. _In_ denoting the object or purpose, Z.

314: _he coveted no appointment for the sake of display; he declined none through fear_.

_Anxius_ and _intentus_ qualify _agere_ like adverbs cf. R. Exc. 23, 1.

_He conducted himself both with prudence and with energy_.

_Exercitatior_==agitatior. So Cic. Som. Scip. 4: agitatus et exercitatus animus; and Hor. Epod. 9, 31: Syrtes Noto exercitatas.

_Incensae coloniae_. Camalodunum, Londinium and Verulamium. Cf. Ann. 14, 33, where however the historian does not expressly say, the last two were _burned_.

_In ambiguo_==ambigua, in a critical state. R.

_Alterius_, sc. ducis.--_Artem et usum_. Military _science and experience_.

_Summa ... cessit. The general management_ (cf. notes, H. 1, 87. 2, 16.

33) _and the glory of recovering the province went to the general_ (to his credit). The primary meaning of _cedere_ is _to go_. See Freund sub v.--_Juveni_, sc. A.

_Tum_, sc. while veterani trucidarentur, etc.--_Mox_, sc. when Paullinus and A. came to the rescue.

_Nec minus_, etc. A remark worthy of notice and too often true.

VI. _Magistratus_. The regular _course_ of offices and honors at Rome.

_Per--anteponendo_. Enallage, cf. G. 15, note. _Per_ here denotes manner, rather than means (cf. _per lamenta_, 28); and _anteponendo_ likewise==anteponentes. R. Render: _mutually loving and preferring one another.--Nisi quod==but_. Cf. _ni_, 4. There is an ellipsis before _nisi quod_, which R. would supply thus: greatly to the credit of both parties --_but more praise belongs to the good wife_, etc. _Major_ sc. quam in bono viro. So, after _plus_ supply quam in malo viro: _But more praise belongs to a good wife_, than to a good husband, _by as much as more blame attaches to a bad wife_, than to a bad husband.

_Sors quaesturae_. The Quaestors drew _lots_ for their respective provinces. Their number increased with the increase of the empire, till from two they became twenty or more. As at first a Quaestor accompanied each Consul at the head of an army, so afterwards each Proconsul, or Governor of a province, had his Quaestor to collect and disburse the revenues of the province. The Quaestors.h.i.+p was the first in the course of Roman honors. It might be entered upon at the age of twenty-four.

_Salvium t.i.tianum_. Brother of the Emperor Otho. See His. B. 1 and 2.

pa.s.s. For the office of Proconsul, &c., see note, His. 1, 49.

_Parata peccantibus. Ready for wicked_ rulers, i.e. affording great facilities for extortion in its corrupt and servile population. _Paratus_ With a dat. of the thing, for which there is a preparation, is peculiar to poetry and post-Augustan prose. Cf. Freund ad v. Ad rem. cf. Cic.

Epist. ad Quint. 1, 1, 6: tam corruptrice provincia, sc. Asia; and pro Mur. 9.

_Quantalibet facilitate_. Any indulgence (license) however great.

_Redempturus esset_. Subj. in the apodosis answering to a protasis understood, sc. if A. would have entered into the plot. Cf. H. 502.

Observe the use of _esset_ rather than _fuisset_ to denote what the proconsul would have been ready to do _at any time_ during their _continuance_ in office. Cf. Wr. in loc.

_Dissimulationem_. Concealment (of what is true); simulatio, on the other hand, is an allegation of what is false.

_Auctus est filia_. So Cic. ad Att. 1, 2: filiolo me auctum scito.

_Ante sublatum. Previously born_. For this use of _sublatum_, see Lexicon.--Brevi amisit, he lost shortly after_; though R. takes _amisit_ as perf. for plup. and renders lost a short time before.

_Mox inter_, etc., sc. _annum_ inter, supplied from _etiam ipsum ...

annum_ below.

_Tenor et silentium_. Hendiadys for continuum silentium, or tenorem silentem. R.

_Jurisdictio. For the administration of justice in private cases had not fallen to his lot_. Only two of the twelve or fifteen Praetors, viz. the Praetor Urba.n.u.s (see note H. 1, 47) and the Praetor Peregrinus (who judged between foreigners and citizens) were said to exercise _jurisdictio_. The adjudication of criminal causes was called _quaestio_, which was now for the most part in the hands of the senate (Ann. 4, 6), from whom it might be transferred by appeal to the Praefect of the City or the Emperor himself. The Praetors received the _jurisdictio_ or the _quaestio_ by lot; and in case the former did not fall to them, the office was almost a sinecure; except that they continued to preside over the public games. See further, on the name and office of Praetor, His. 1, 47, note. For the plup. in _obvenerat_, see note, 4: _abnuerat_.

_Et_==et omnino. _The games and in general the pageantry of office (inania honoris)_ expected of the Praetor. Observe the use of the neuter plural of the adj. for the subst., of which, especially before a gen., T.

is peculiarly fond.

_Medio rationis_. The text is doubtful. The MSS. vacillate between _medio ratinois_ and _modo rationis_; and the recent editions, for the most part, follow a third but wholly conjectural reading, viz. _moderationis_.

The sense is the same with either reading: _He conducted the games and the empty pageantry of office in a happy mean_ (partaking at once) _of prudence and plenty_. See Freund ad _duco_.

_Uti--propior. As far from luxury, so_ (in the same proportion) _nearer to glory_, i.e. the farther from luxury, the nearer to glory. Cf. Freund ad _uti_.

_Longe--propior_. Enallage of the adv. and adj. ef. G. 18: _extra_.

_Ne sensisset. Would not have felt_, etc., i.e. he recovered all the plundered offerings of the temple, but those which had been sacrilegiously taken away by _Nero_ for the supply of his vicious pleasures. This explanation supposes a protasis understood, or rather implied in _quam Neronis_. (Cf H. 503, 2. 2). The plup. subj. admits perhaps of another explanation, the subj. denoting the end with a view to which _Agricola labored_ (H. 531; Z. 549), and the plup. covering all the past down to the time of his labors: he labored that the republic might not have experienced, and _he_ virtually _effected that it had not experienced_, since he restored everything to its former state, the plunder of Nero alone excepted. See Wr. and Or. in loc. Perhaps this would not be an unexampled _praegnantia_ for Tacitus. For _sentire_ in the sense of _experiencing_ especially _evil_, see Hor. Od. 2, 7, 10, and other examples in Freund sub v.

VII. _Cla.s.sis Othoniana_. Ad rem. cf. His. 2, 12, seqq.--_Licenter vaga.

Roaming in quest of plunder.--Intemelios_, Cf. note, 2, 13.--_In praediis suis. On her own estates. Praedia_ includes both lands and buildings.

_Ad solemnia pietatis. To perform the last offices of filial affection_.

_Nuntio deprehensus_. Supply _est_, cf. 4: jussus. _Was overtaken unexpectedly by the news of Vespasian's claim (nomination) to the throne.--Affectati_. Cf. note, G. 28.--_In partes_, to his (Vesp.) _party_.

_Princ.i.p.atus_, sc. Vespasiani.--_Mucia.n.u.s regebat_. Vesp. was detained in Egypt for some time after his troops had entered Rome under Mucia.n.u.s; meanwhile Mucia.n.u.s exercised all the imperial power, cf. His. 4, 11. 39: vis penes Mucianum erat.

_Juvene--usurpante_. Dom. was now eighteen years old, cf. His. 4, 2: nondum ad curas intentus, sed _stupris et adulteriis filium principis agebat_.

_Is_, sc. Mucia.n.u.s.--_Vicesimae legioni_. One of three legions, at that time stationed in _Britain_, which submitted to the government of Vesp.

_tarde_ and _non sine motu_ (His. 3, 44).

_Decessor. Predecessor_. It was Roscius Coelius. His. 1, 60.

_Legatis--consularibus. Governors_ or Proconsuls. The provinces were governed by men who had been consuls (_consulares_), and as _legatus_ meant any commissioned officer, these were distinguished as _legati consulares_. With reference to this consular authority, the same were called _proconsules_. Cf. note, H. 1, 49. Trebellius Maximus and Vettius Bola.n.u.s are here intended. Cf. 16. and His. 1, 60. 2, 65. _Nimia_==justo potentior. Dr.

_Legatus praetorius==legatus legionis, commander of the legion_. Cf.

note, His. 1, 7. Here the same person as _decessor_.

_Invenisse quam fecisse_, etc., involves a maxim of policy worth noting.

VIII. _Placidius. With less energy_. See more of Bola.n.u.s at close of 16.

_Dignum est_. A general remark, applicable to any such province. Hence the present, for which some would subst.i.tute _erat_ or _esset_.

_Ne incresceret_, sc. ipse: _lest he should become too great_, i.e. rise above his superior and so excite his jealousy. Referred by W. to _ardorem_ for its subject. But then _ne incresceret_ would be superfluous.

_Consularem_, sc. Legatum==Governor, cf. 7, note.

_Petilius Cerialis_. Cf. 17. Ann. 14, 32. His. 4, 68.