The Illustrated Self-Instructor in Phrenology and Physiology Part 8

VERY SMALL.--Conceals nothing, but discloses every thing: p. 101.

11. CAUTIOUSNESS.

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 65. LARGE.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 66. SMALL.]

CAREFULNESS; WATCHFULNESS; PRUDENCE; PROVISION against want and danger; SOLICITUDE; ANXIETY; APPREHENSION; SECURITY; PROTECTION; AVOIDING prospective evils; the sentinel. Adapted to those dangers which surround us, and those provisions necessary for our future happiness.

Perversion--irresolution; timidity; procrastination; indecision.

LARGE.--Is always on the look-out; takes ample time to get ready; provides against prospective dangers; makes every thing safe; guards against losses and evils; incurs no risk; sure binds that it may sure find; with large Combativeness, Hope, and an active temperament, drives, Jehu-like, whatever is undertaken, yet drives cautiously; lays on the lash, yet holds a tight rein, so as not to upset its plans; with Large Approbativeness, is doubly cautious as to character; with large Approbativeness and small Acquisitiveness, is extra careful of character, but not of money; with large Acquisitiveness and small Approbativeness takes special care of all money matters, but not of reputation; with large Adhesiveness and Benevolence, experiences the greatest solicitude for the welfare of friends; with large Conscientiousness, is careful to do nothing wrong; with large Causality, lays safe plans, and is judicious; with large Combativeness and Hope, combines judgment with energy and enterprise, and often seems reckless, yet is prudent; with large intellectual organs and Firmness, is cautious in coming to conclusions, and canva.s.ses well all sides of the question, yet, once settled, is unmoved; with small Self-Esteem, relies too much upon the judgment of others, and too little upon itself; with large Philoprogenitiveness and disordered nerves, experiences unnecessary solicitude for children, and takes extra care of them, etc.: p. 104.

VERY LARGE.--With an excitable nervous system, procrastinates, puts off till to-morrow what ought to be done to-day; lacks promptness and decision, and refuses to run any risk; with only average or full Combativeness, Self-Esteem, and Hope, and large Approbativeness, accomplishes literally nothing, but should always act under others; with large Acquisitiveness, prefers small but sure gains to large but more risky ones, and safe investments to active business. For additional combinations, see Combativeness large, etc.: p. 105.

FULL.--Shows a good share of prudence and carefulness, except when the other faculties are powerfully excited; with large Combativeness and very large Hope, has but little prudence for his energy; is tolerably safe except when under considerable excitement; with large Acquisitiveness, is very careful whenever money or property are concerned; yet with only average Causality, evinces but little general prudence, and lays plans for the present rather than future, etc.: p. 105.

AVERAGE.--Has a good share of prudence, whenever this faculty works in connection with the larger organs, yet evinces but little in the direction of the smaller organs; with large Combativeness and Hope, and an excitable temperament, is practically imprudent, yet somewhat less so than appearances indicate; with large Causality, and only average Hope and Combativeness, and a temperament more strong than excitable, evinces good general judgment, and meets with but few accidents; but with an excitable temperament, large Combativeness and Hope and only average or full Causality, will always be in hot water, fail to mature his plans, begin before he is ready, and be luckless and unfortunate in every thing, etc.: p. 103.

MODERATE.--With excitability great, acts upon the spur of the moment, without due deliberation; meets with many accidents caused by imprudence; with large Combativeness, is often at variance with neighbors; with large Approbativeness, seeks praise, yet often incurs criticism; with average Causality and large Hope, is always doing imprudent things, and requires a guardian; with small Acquisitiveness keeps money loosely, and is easily over-persuaded to buy more than can be paid for; with large Philoprogenitiveness, loves to play with children, yet often hurts them; with large Language and small Secretiveness, says many very imprudent things, etc., and has a hard row to hoe; and with large Combativeness, has many enemies, but few friends, etc.: p. 106.

SMALL.--Is rash, reckless, luckless; and with large Hope, always in trouble; with large Combativeness, plunges headlong into difficulties in full sight, and should a.s.siduously cultivate this faculty: p. 106.

VERY SMALL.--Has so little of this faculty, that its influence upon conduct is rarely ever perceived: p. 107.

12. APPROBATIVENESS.

DESIRE to be ESTEEMED; regard for CHARACTER, APPEARANCES, etc.; love of PRAISE; desire to EXCEL; AMBITION; AFFABILITY; POLITENESS; desire to DISPLAY and show off; sense of HONOR; desire for a GOOD NAME, for NOTORIETY, FAME, EMINENCE, DISTINCTION, and to be THOUGHT WELL of; PRIDE of character; SENSITIVENESS to the speeches of people; and love of POPULARITY. Adapted to the reputable and disgraceful. Perversion--vanity; affectation; ceremoniousness; aristocracy; pomposity; eagerness for popularity; outside display, etc.

LARGE.--Loves commendation, and is cut by censure; is keenly alive to the smiles of public opinion; minds what people say; strives to show off to advantage, and is affable, courteous, and desirous of pleasing; loves to be in company; stands on etiquette and ceremony; aspires to do and become something great; sets much by appearances, and is mortified by reproach; with large Cautiousness and moderate Self-Esteem, is careful to take the popular side, and fears to face the ridicule of others; yet with Conscience and Combativeness large, sticks to the right, though it is unpopular, knowing that it will ultimately confer honor; with large Benevolence, seeks praise for works of philanthropy and mercy; with large intellectual organs, loves literary and intellectual distinctions; with large Adhesiveness, desires the good opinion of friends, yet cares little for that of others; with large Self-Esteem, Combativeness, and excitability, is very touchy when criticised, seeks public life, wants all the praise, and hates rivals; with large perceptives, takes a forward part in literary and debating societies; with large Combativeness, Hope, and activity, will not be outdone, but rather work till completely exhausted, and liable to hurt itself by feats of rivalry: p. 108.

VERY LARGE.--Sets every thing by the good opinion of others; is ostentatious, if not vain and ambitious; loves praise, and is mortified by censure inordinately; with moderate Self-Esteem and Firmness, cannot breast public opinion, but is over fond of popularity; with only average Conscience, seeks popularity without regard to true merit; but with large Conscience, seeks praise mainly for virtuous doings; with large Ideality, and only average Causality, seeks praise for fas.h.i.+onable dress and outside appearance rather than internal merit; and is both vain and fas.h.i.+onable as well as aristocratic, and starves the kitchen to stuff the parlor; with large Acquisitiveness, boasts of riches; with large Adhesiveness, boasts of friends; with large Language, is extra forward in conversation, and engrosses much of the time, etc. This is the main organ of aristocracy, exclusiveness, fas.h.i.+onableness, so-called pride, and nonsensical outside show: p. 110.

FULL.--Values the estimation of others, yet will not go far out of the way to get it; seeks praise in connection with the larger organs, yet cares little for it in the direction of the smaller ones; is not aristocratic, yet likes to make a fair show in the world; with large Adhesiveness, loves the praise and cannot endure the censure of friends; with large Conscientiousness, sets much by MORAL character, and wishes to be praised for correct MOTIVES; yet, with moderate Acquisitiveness, cares little for the name of being rich; with large Benevolence and intellectual organs, desires to be esteemed for evincing talent in doing good, etc.: p. 110.

AVERAGE.--Evinces only a respectable share of this faculty, except when it is powerfully wrought upon by praise or reproach; is mortified by censure, yet not extremely so, and calls his other faculties to his justification; is not sufficiently ambitious to incur injury, yet is by no means deficient in this respect; and is not insensible to compliments, yet cannot well be inflated with praise: p. 107.

MODERATE.--Feels some, but no great, regard for popularity; and evinces this faculty only in connection with the larger faculties; with large Self-Esteem and Firmness, is inflexible and austere; and with large Combativeness and small Agreeableness, lacks civility and complaisance to others; disdains to flatter, and cannot be stuffed and should cultivate a pleasing, winning mode of address: p. 112.

SMALL.--Cares little for the opinions of others, even of friends; is comparatively insensible to praise; disregards style and fas.h.i.+on; despises etiquette and formal usages; never asks what will persons think, and puts on no outside appearances for their own sake; with large Self-Esteem, Firmness, and Combativeness, is dest.i.tute of politeness, devoid of ceremony, and not at all flexible or pleasing in manners; with large Combativeness and Conscientiousness, goes for the right regardless of popularity, and is always making enemies; says and does things in so graceless a manner as often to displease; with large Acquisitiveness and Self-Esteem, though wealthy, makes no boast of it, and is as commonplace in conduct as if poor, etc.: p. 112.

VERY SMALL.--Cares almost nothing for reputation, praise, or censure as such.

13. SELF-ESTEEM.

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 67. LARGE.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 68. SMALL.]

SELF-appreciation and valuation; self-RESPECT and RELIANCE; MAGNANIMITY; n.o.bLENESS; INDEPENDENCE; DIGNITY; SELF-SATISFACTION and complacency; love of liberty and power; an ASPIRING, SELF-ELEVATING, RULING instinct; PRIDE of character; MANLINESS; LOFTY-MINDEDNESS, and desire for elevation.

Adapted to the superiority, greatness, and exalted dignity of human nature. Perversion--haughtiness; forwardness, overbearing; tyranny; egotism, and superciliousness.

LARGE.--Puts a high estimate upon itself, its sayings, doings, and capabilities; falls back upon its own unaided resources; will not take advice, but insists upon being its own master; is high-minded; will never stoop or demean itself; aims high; is not satisfied with moderate success, or a petty business, and comports and expresses itself with dignity, and perhaps with majesty, and is perfectly self-satisfied; with large Philoprogenitiveness, prides itself in its children, yet with Combativeness large, requires implicit obedience, and is liable to be stern; with large Adhesiveness, seeks society, yet must be its leader; with large Acquisitiveness added, seeks partners.h.i.+p, but must be the head of the firm; with large Firmness and Combativeness, cannot be driven, but insists upon doing its own will and pleasure, and is sometimes contrary and headstrong; with large Hope, thinks that any thing it does cannot possibly fail, because done so well; with large moral organs, imparts a tone, dignity, aspiration, and elevation of character, which commands universal respect; and with large intellectual faculties added, is desirous of, and well calculated for public life; is a natural leader, but seeks moral distinction, and leads the public mind; with large Combativeness, Destructiveness, Firmness, and Approbativeness, loves to be captain or general, and speaks with that sternness and authority which enforce obedience; with large Acquisitiveness aspires to be rich, the richest man in town, partly on account of the power wealth confers; with large Language, Individuality, Firmness, and Combativeness, seeks to be a political leader; with large Constructiveness, Perceptives, Causality, and Combativeness, is well calculated to have the direction of men, and oversee large mechanical establishments; with only average brain and intellect, and large selfish faculties, is proud, haughty, domineering, egotistical, overbearing, greedy of power and dominion, etc.: p. 114.

VERY LARGE.--Evinces the characteristics of large, only in a still higher degree; is very apt to be pompous, supercilious, proud, and imperious; will do nothing except it be on the largest scale; yet, unless Causality be large, is apt to fail, because ambition is too great for the calibre; with large Firmness, Approbativeness, and Hope, is a real aristocrat, and puts himself above every body else; with only average Approbativeness and Agreeableness, takes no pains to smooth off the rougher points of character, but is every way repulsive; with average Philoprogenitiveness, is very domineering in the family, and insists upon being waited upon, obeyed, etc.; and should carry his head a little lower, and humble his proud soul: p. 116.

FULL.--Evinces a good degree of dignity and self-respect, yet is not proud or haughty; with large Combativeness, Firmness and Hope, relies fully upon its own energies in cases of emergency, yet is willing to hear advice though seldom takes it; conducts becomingly and secures respect; and with large Combativeness and Firmness, and full Destructiveness and Hope, evinces much power of this faculty, but little when these faculties are small: p. 116.

AVERAGE.--Shows this faculty mainly in combination with those that are larger; with large Approbativeness and Firmness, and a large brain and moral organs, rarely trifles or evinces meanness; yet is rarely conceited, and thinks neither too little nor too much of self, but places a just estimate upon its own capabilities; with large Adhesiveness, both receives and imparts character to friends, yet receives most; with large Conscientiousness, prides itself more on moral worth than physical qualities, wealth, t.i.tles, etc.; and with large intellectual and moral organs, values itself mainly for intellectual and moral excellence: p.

113.

MODERATE.--Rather underrates personal capabilities and worth; feels rather inferior, unworthy, and humble; lacks dignity and manliness, and is rather apt to say and do trifling things, and let itself down; with large intellectual and moral organs, leads off well when once placed in a responsible position, yet at first distrusts its own capabilities; with large Conscientiousness, Combativeness, and activity, often appears self-sufficient and positive, because certain of being right, yet it is founded more on reason than egotism; with large Approbativeness, loves to show off, and make others satisfied with its capabilities, yet is not satisfied with itself; goes abroad after praise, rather than feels internally conscious of its own merits; is apt to boast because it would make others appreciate its powers, while, if it were fully conscious of them, it would care less about the estimation of others; with large moral and intellectual powers, has exalted thoughts and aspirations, and communicates well, yet often detracts from them by commonplace phrases and undignified expressions; will be too familiar to be respected in proportion to merit, and should vigorously cultivate this faculty by banis.h.i.+ng mean and cultivating high thoughts of self: p. 116.

SMALL.--Feels diminutive in its own eyes; lacks elevation and dignity of tone and manner; places a low estimate on self; and, with Approbativeness large, is more anxious to appear well in the eyes of others than in its own; with large Combativeness and Destructiveness, shows some self-reliance when provoked or placed in responsible positions, yet lacks that dignity and tone which commands universal respect, and gives a capability to lead off in society; lacks self-confidence and weight of character; shrinks from responsible and great undertakings, from a feeling of unworthiness; underrates itself, and is therefore undervalued by others, and feels insignificant as if in the way, or trespa.s.sing upon others, and hence often apologizes; and should feel constantly "I'm a man."

VERY SMALL.--Feels little, and manifests none of this faculty.

14. FIRMNESS.

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 69. LARGE.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 70. SMALL.]

STABILITY; DECISION; PERSEVERANCE; FIXEDNESS of purpose; TENACITY of WILL, and aversion to change. Adapted to man's requisition for holding out to the end. Perversion--obstinacy; willfulness; mulishness; stubbornness; unwillingness to change, even though reason requires.

LARGE.--Is set in its own way; sticks to and carries out what it commences; holds on long and hard; continues to the end, and may be fully relied upon; with full Self-Esteem and large Combativeness, cannot be driven, but the more it is forced the more it resists; with large Combativeness and Destructiveness, adds perseverance to stability, and not only holds on, but drives forward determinedly through difficulties; with large Hope, undertakes much and carries it all out; with large Cautiousness and Causality, is careful and judicious in laying plans and forming opinions, yet rarely changes when once decided; may seem to waver until the mind is fully made up, but is afterward the more unchanging; with Hope very large, and Cautiousness and Causality only average, decides quickly, even rashly, and refuses to change; with Adhesiveness and Benevolence large, is easily persuaded, especially by friends, yet cannot be driven; and with large Cautiousness, Combativeness, Causality, perceptives, activity, and power, will generally succeed, because wise in planning and persevering in execution; with Combativeness and Self-Esteem large, and Causality only average, will not see the force of arguments against himself, but tenaciously adheres to affirmed opinions and purposes, yet is less firm than he seems to be; with large Conscientiousness and Combativeness, is doubly decided wherever right or justice are concerned, and in such cases will never give one inch, but will stand out in argument, effort, or as a juryman till the last: p. 119.

VERY LARGE.--Is well-nigh obstinate, stubborn, and with large Combativeness and Self-Esteem, is unchangeable as the laws of the Medes and Persians, and can neither be persuaded nor driven; with large activity, power, brain, and intellectual organs, is well calculated to carry forward some great work which requires the utmost determination and energy; with large Causality, can possibly be turned by potent reasons, yet by nothing else: p. 120.

FULL.--Like Firmness large, shows a great degree of decision, when this faculty works with large organs, but not otherwise; with Combativeness and Conscientiousness large, shows great Fixedness where right and truth are concerned, yet with Acquisitiveness moderate, lacks perseverance in money matters; with moderate Combativeness and Self-Esteem, is easily turned; and with large Adhesiveness and Benevolence, too easily persuaded, even against its better judgment; with Cautiousness and Approbativeness large, or very large, often evinces fickleness, irresolution, and procrastination; and with an uneven head, and an excitable temperament, often appears deficient in this faculty: p. 131.

AVERAGE.--When supported by large Combativeness, or Conscientiousness, or Causality, or Acquisitiveness, etc., shows a good degree of this faculty; but when opposed by large Cautiousness, Approbativeness, or Adhesiveness, evinces its deficiency, and has not enough of this faculty for great undertakings: p. 119.

MODERATE.--Rather lacks perseverance, even when his larger faculties support it, and when they do not, evinces fickleness, irresolution, indecision, and lacks perseverance; with Adhesiveness large, is too easily persuaded and influenced by friends; with large Cautiousness and Approbativeness and moderate or small Self-Esteem, is flexible and fickle, and goes with the current: p. 132.

SMALL.--With activity great, and the head uneven, is fitful, impulsive, and, like the weather-vane, s.h.i.+fts with every changing breeze, and is ruled by the other faculties; and as unstable as water: p. 122.

VERY SMALL.--Is changed by the slightest motives; is a perfect creature of circ.u.mstances, and accomplishes nothing requiring perseverance: p. 122.

MORAL FACULTIES.

These render man a moral, accountable, and religious being, humanize, adorn, and elevate his nature; connect him with the moral nature of things; create his higher and n.o.bler sentiments; beget aspirations after goodness, virtue, purity, and moral principle, and ally him to angels and to G.o.d.

[Ill.u.s.tration: No. 71. LARGE.]