Ancient States and Empires Part 44

M621 Under the domination of Sparta.

M622 Invectives of the orators against Sparta.

M623 Discontent in Thebes.

M624 Rebellion under Philidas. Its success.

M625 The Theban revolution produces a great sensation. Thebes forms an alliance with Athens.

M626 Theban government.

M627 Epaminondas. His accomplishments.

M628 Sparta attacks Thebes.

M629 Second unsuccessful expedition of Agesilaus.

M630 Naval victory of the Athenians. Victory of Pelopidas.

M631 The jealousy of the Grecian republics.

M632 Humiliation of Sparta.

M633 Hostilities between Athens and Sparta. Peace between Athens and Sparta.

M634 Epaminondas at the congress of Sparta.

M635 Renewal of hostilities between Sparta and Thebes.

M636 Great preparations of Sparta.

M637 Defeat of a Theban force.

M638 Military tactics of Epaminondas. Great victory obtained by Thebes.

M639 The Spartans evacuate Botia.

M640 Agesilaus marches into Arcadia. Epaminondas invades Sparta.

M641 Restores the independence of Messenia. The Spartan kingdom dismembered.

M642 Sparta forms an alliance with Athens.

M643 Greece emanc.i.p.ated from the Spartan yoke.

M644 Athens seeks to recover Amphipolis. A part of Thessaly under the protection of Thebes.

M645 The Theban supremacy in Thessaly and Macedonia.

M646 Thebes now aspires to the leaders.h.i.+p of Greece.

M647 Thebes rescues Pelopidas. Complicated political relations of the Grecian States.

M648 Death of Pelopidas. Grief of the Thebans.

M649 Orchomenus revolts from Thebes. Unfortunate fate of the city.

M650 Renewed hostilities. Epaminondas attempts to surprise Sparta. His great victory over the Lacedaemonians at Mantinea. His death.

M651 His great military genius. His character.

M652 Death of Agesilaus. Death of Artaxerxes.

M653 Philip of Macedon.

M654 Syracuse after the failure of Nicias.

M655 Internal condition of the city.

M656 The wars of the Syracusans with Carthage.

M657 Carthage. Its maritime power.

M658 Its political const.i.tution.

M659 Its eminent men.

M660 Dionysius at Syracuse.

M661 Carthaginians invade Sicily.

M662 Rise of Dionysius.

M663 Defeated by the Carthaginians.

M664 Carthaginians make peace.

M665 Dionysius centralizes his power.

M666 Marches against the Sikels. His critical condition. Strengthens the fortifications of Syracuse. His vast military preparations.

M667 His marriage. Marches against the Carthaginians.

M668 His success.

M669 He returns to Syracuse. His naval defeat at Catana.

M670 Imilco lays siege to Syracuse.

M671 Disasters of the Carthaginians. They retire from Syracuse.

M672 Death of Imilco.

M673 Financial embarra.s.sments of Dionysius.

M674 Makes himself master of Messene.

M675 Invades Italy.

M676 Conquers Croton.

M677 Becomes master of Southern Italy. Hissed at the Grecian games.

M678 Dion.

M679 Power and wealth of Dionysius.

M680 Defeated in a war with Carthage.

M681 Again defeated. Gains a prize for poetry, dies from a fit of debauchery. His character.

M682 Dion.

M683 Dionysius II. His feeble character. Plato visits Syracuse. His injudicious teachings.

M684 Banishment of Dion. Second visit of Plato.

M685 Dion in exile. Meditates the overthrow of Dionysius.

M686 He lands in Sicily.

M687 Enters Syracuse in triumph.

M688 Demands the abdication of Dionysius.

M689 Dionysius resorts to intrigues. Unpopularity of Dion. But Ortygia surrenders to him.

M690 Dion master of Syracuse. His mistakes. His death. His character.

M691 Dionysius recovers Ortygia. Syracuse invokes the aid of Corinth.

Timoleon sent as general.

M692 His wonderful successes.

M693 Dionysius an exile in Corinth.

M694 Timoleon demolishes the stronghold of tyranny. His n.o.ble administration.

M695 His great victory over the Carthaginians.

M696 He lays down his power.

M697 His death and character.

M698 Unexpected Rise of Macedonia.

M699 Philip of Macedon.

M700 Philip at Thebes.

M701 Surrender of Amphipolis.

M702 Revolt from Athens of Lesbos, Chios, Samos, &c. Death of Timotheus.

M703 Philip lays siege to Amphipolis. Fall of the city.

M704 Duplicity of Philip.

M705 War with Athens.

M706 The sacred war.

M707 Demosthenes. His accomplishments. His great eloquence.

M708 Phocion.

M709 Different policy of these two leaders.

M710 Conquests of Philip to Thessaly. Threatens Central Greece.

M711 No generals fit to cope with him.

M712 Philip conquers the Olynthians. Revolt of Euba. Ravages of Philip.

M713 The temple of Delphi robbed. Encroachments of Philip. His duplicities and intrigues. Philip obtains possession of the pa.s.s of Thermopylae.

M714 And is master of the keys of Greece.

M715 Lamentations of Demosthenes.

M716 Philip's continued encroachments. His insatiate ambition.

M717 Athens at last aroused by Demosthenes. Siege of Perinthus. Philip withdraws from Byzantium.

M718 Another sacred war. Ruinous to Grecian liberties.

M719 Alliance of Thebes and Athens. Renewed military preparations of Philip.