A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels Volume Xv Part 22

Fish 'Eya, _Ee_ka, '_Ee_ka, '_Ee_ka, 'Nam_oo_.

A Fowl, Moa, Moa, Moa, Moe'r_oo_.

The Hand, E'r_ee_ma, 'R_ee_ma, E_oo_'my, E'r_ee_ma, 'R_ee_nga, Badon'h_ee_n.

The Head, _Oo_'po, Ao'po, Tak'_oo_po, Ba's_ai_ne, N_oo_gwa'n_aium, Gar'moing.

A Hog, 'Boa, 'B_oo_a, B_oo_'acka, 'Brr_oo_as, 'B_oo_ga, s. 'B_oo_gas.

I,myself, W_ou_, s. _ou_, 'W_ou_, _Ou_.

To laugh, 'Atta, Katta, 'Haarish, Ap, s.Gye'ap.

A Man, 'Taata, Papa?

T_ee_to, Ba'rang, Nar_oo_'maan.

The Navel, 'P_ee_to, P_ee_to, s. P_ee_to'ai, P_ee_to, Nomprtong, Nap_ee_ rainguk, Whanb_oo_ _ee_n.

No, (1)'Ayma,(2)Y_ai_ha,(3)A'_ou_re,'_Ei_sa, '_Ee_sha, Ka'_ou_re, Ta'ep, E'sa, '_Ee_va, _Ee_ba.

Plantains, 'M_ai_ya, (1)Maya, (2)F_oo_tse, M_ai_e_ea_, 'F_oo_dje, Nabrruts.

Puncturation, Ta't_ou_, E'pat_oo_, Ta't_ou_, Moko, 'Gan, s. Gan,galang.

Rain, E'_oo_a, '_Oo_a,

Na'mawar, _Oo_e.

Sugar cane, E'To, To,

Na'r_oo_k.

The Teeth, E'n_ee_h_ee_o, 'N_ee_ho, E'n_ee_ho, 'N_ee_fo, N_ee_ho, R_ee_'bohn, 'Warrewuk, s. 'R_ai_buk, Penna'w_ei_n.

Water, A'vay, E'vy,

Er'g_ou_r, _Oo_e.

To Whistle, 'Map_oo_, F_ee_o,f_ee_o, Papang, Awe'bern, 'Wy_oo_.

A Woman, Wa'h_ei_ne, Ve'h_ee_ne, Ra'bin, N_ai_'braan, Tama.

Yams, E'_oo_he, _Oo_he, _Oo_fe, Nan-'ram, _Oo_fe, _Oo_be.

Yes, _Ai_, '_Ee_o, _Ai_, '_Ee_o, 'Elo, s. _Ee_o, s. oe.

You, Oe, Oe.

One, A'Tahay, Katta'ha_ee_, Atta'ha_ee_, Ta'ha_ee_,

Ts_ee_'ka_ee_, R_ee_d_ee_, Wag_ee'ai_ng.

Two, E'R_oo_a, 'Rooa, A'ooa, E'ooa, E'ry, 'Karoo, 'Waroo.

Three, 'Ter_oo_, 'Tor_oo_, A'tor_oo_, 'Tor_oo_, E'r_ei_, 'Kahar, Wat_ee_ en.

Four, A'Haa, 'Haa, s. Faa, A'faa, A'faa, E'bats, 'K_ai_phar, Wam'ba_ee_k.

Five, E'R_ee_ma, 'R_ee_ma, A'_ee_ma, 'N_ee_ma, E'r_ee_m, 'Kr_ee_rum, Wannim.

Six, A'ono, 'Hon_oo_, A'ono, Ts_oo_'ka_ee_, Ma'r_ee_d_ee_, Wannim-g_ee_ek.

Seven, A'H_ei_too, 'H_ee_d_oo_, A'wh_ee_t_oo_, G_oo_y, Ma'kar_oo_, Wannim'n_oo_.

Eight, A'war_oo_, 'Var_oo_, A'wa_oo_, H_oo_rey, Ma'kahar, Wannim'g_ai_n.

Nine, A'_ee_va, H_ee_va, A'_ee_va, G_oo_dbats, Ma'k_ai_phar, Wannim'ba_ee_k.

Ten, A'h_oo_r_oo_, Atta'h_oo_r_oo_, s. Anna'h_oo_r_oo_, Wannah_oo_, s. Wanna'h_oo_e, Senearr, Ma'kr_ee_rum, Wann_oo_'n_ai_uk.

[Footnote 21: It may be easily perceived, that notwithstanding some words are entirely different, the first five Indian languages are radically the same; though the distance from Easter Island to New Zealand is upwards of fifteen hundred leagues. The princ.i.p.al difference consists in the mode of p.r.o.nunciation, which in Easter Island, Amsterdam, and New Zealand, is more harsh, or guttural, than at the Marquesas Isles, or Otaheite. The other three differ totally, not only from the preceding, but from each other; which is more extraordinary than the agreement of the others, as from Malicolo to Tanna you never lose sight of land; nor is New Caledonia at a great distance from the last place. In the language of Malicolo a great number of harsh l.a.b.i.al sounds prevail, very difficult to be represented in writing. At Tanna the p.r.o.nunciation is likewise harsh, but rather guttural, and the inhabitants of New Caledonia have many nasal sounds, or snivel much in speaking. It may however be observed, that in the three last languages, some words are found which seem to have a distant resemblance to those that go before; as Brr'_oo_as, in Malicolo, and 'B_oo_ga, or 'Boogas, in Tanna, both signifying a hog, which at Otaheite and the Marquesas, is expressed by the word 'Boa, and at Amsterdam B_oo_'acka. Yet, whether these may not have been accidentally introduced, is hard to determine; because they frequently use two words to express the same thing; as for instance, in New Caledonia, they call a star both P_ee_j_oo_ and Fya't_oo_; the first seems most consonant to the general composition of their language, whereas the second differs very little from E'f_ai_t_oo_, or Whet_oo_, the name of a star at Otaheite. When they mention puncturation, it is commonly called a Gan, or Gan,galan; but sometimes they say Tata'tou, which is almost the same as Ta't_ou_, used to express the same thing at Otaheite and Amsterdam.]

[Footnote 22: The letters in Italic, as _oo, ee_, &c. are to be sounded as one. Those with this , as oe, &c. are separately. The accent at the beginning of a word, signifies the chief stress in p.r.o.nunciation is to be laid there; if over it at any other part, the stress is laid on that part immediately following. A comma in the middle of a word, either signifies, that it is compounded of two, or, that the same syllables repeated, make the word; in both which cases, a small stop, or pause, must be made in p.r.o.nouncing it.]

PART III. BOOK III.

A VOYAGE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN, UNDERTAKEN BY THE COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY, FOR MAKING DISCOVERIES IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; TO DETERMINE THE POSITION AND EXTENT OF THE WEST SIDE OF NORTH AMERICA, ITS DISTANCE FROM ASIA, AND THE PRACTICABILITY OF A NORTHERN Pa.s.sAGE TO EUROPE. PERFORMED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF CAPTAINS COOK, CLERKE, AND GORE, IN HIS MAJESTY'S s.h.i.+PS THE RESOLUTION AND DISCOVERY, IN THE YEARS 1776, 1777, 1778, 1779, & 1780.[23]

INTRODUCTION.

The spirit of discovery, which had long animated the European nations, having, after its arduous and successful exertions, during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, gradually subsided, and for a considerable time lain dormant, began to revive in Great Britain in the late reign;[24]

and recovered all its former activity, under the cheris.h.i.+ng influence, and munificent encouragement, of his present majesty.

[Footnote 23: The account of this voyage was originally published in three volumes the first and second of which were written by Captain Cook himself, and the third by Captain King, one of his officers. The work, however, as the reader will soon find, is materially enriched by the communications of Mr Anderson, surgeon of the Resolution. The valuable introduction, and the notes interspersed throughout the volumes contributed by Cook, were the production of Dr Douglas, Bishop of Salisbury, who, at the request of Lord Sandwich, undertook also the office of editor. Of the amount of his services in this character, we have his own statement, towards the end of the introduction. From this, it appears, that Cook, when he set out, knew he was expected to relate, as well as to execute, the operations committed to him; and that his journal, in consequence, was faithfully adhered to. This seems to imply the non-interference of the editor, at least in any important sense. The same thing may be inferred from what he says respecting Mr Anderson's journal. And as to the third volume, we are expressly told, that it was completely prepared for the press by Captain King himself. There is surely, then, very little foundation for an a.s.sertion made in the memoir of Captain Cook, inserted in the new edition of the General Biographical Dictionary, vol. 10. viz. that Dr Douglas "has levelled down the more striking peculiarities of the different writers, into some appearance of equality." Certainly, we are bound either to refuse such an insinuation, or to charge falsehood on Dr Douglas, who expressly states, that all he has to answer for, are the notes in Captain Cook's two volumes and the introduction. But the alternative will give no trouble to any reader acquainted with the worthy character of the bishop, or who can comprehend, how very readily a probable conjecture may became the basis of an erroneous opinion.

It is necessary to apprise the reader, that the letter D is placed at such of Dr Douglas's notes as it is thought advisable to retain in this work, and that for the rest marked E., the editor, as formerly, is responsible.--E.]

[Footnote 24: Two voyages for discovering a north-west pa.s.sage, through Hudson's Bay, were then performed; one under the command of Captain Middleton, in his majesty's s.h.i.+ps the Furnace, and the Discovery pink, in 1741 and 1743. The other under the direction of Captains Smith and Moore, in the s.h.i.+ps Dobbs and California, fitted out by subscription, in 1746 and 1747.--D.]