Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 23

=Chirata (Chirat.), Chirata, N.F.= (Chiretta).--Plant.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, similar to and without advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Chiratae (Fldext. Chirat.), Fluidextract of Chirata, N.F._--Chirata (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Chloral Camphoratum (Chloral Camph.), Camphorated Chloral, N.F.=--Equal parts of hydrated chloral and camphor.

An oily liquid with a camphoraceous odor.

ACTION AND USES: Local rubefacient and a.n.a.lgesic

=*Chloralum Hydratum (Chloral. Hydrat.), Hydrated Chloral, U.S.P.= ("Chloral," Chloral Hydrate).--CCl{3}.CHO + H{2}O.

Colorless, transparent crystals, with an aromatic, penetrating odor and a bitterish, caustic taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.25) and in alcohol (1:1.3).

ACTION AND USES: A reliable hypnotic in moderate doses, inducing a condition closely resembling that of normal sleep. Used for the relief of insomnia and nervousness, and for the control of convulsions and spasms.

Should be used with special caution in cases of weakened heart or blood vessels. Continued use is likely to produce a habit.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

Decomposed by alkalies; should not be dispensed in liquids containing both bromides and alcohol.

_Mistura Chloralis et Pota.s.sii Bromidi Composita (Mist. Chloral. et Pot.

Brom. Co.), Compound Mixture of Chloral and Pota.s.sium Bromide, N.F._ (Chloral and Bromide Compound).--Hydrated chloral (20%), pota.s.sium bromide (20%), extract of hyoscyamus (0.2%) in water. The formula calls for cannabis but this is filtered out.

USES: Similar in composition to the widely advertised nostrum Bromidia and equally irrational and objectionable.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Chloroformum (Chlorof.), Chloroform, U.S.P.=--CHCl{3}.

A clear, colorless liquid, with an ethereal odor and a burning, sweet taste. Slightly soluble (1:210) in water and miscible with alcohol, ether, petroleum benzin or fixed or volatile oils.

Decomposed by alkalies.

ACTION AND USES: General anesthetic, administered by inhalation. Locally, a penetrating and fairly powerful irritant. Frequently used in the form of liniments. Taken by mouth in small doses, carminative, anodyne and antiseptic.

Larger doses are anthelmintic but dangerous. A direct cardiac depressant.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.), diluted.

_*Aqua Chloroformi (Aq. Chlorof.), Chloroform Water, U.S.P._--A saturated solution of chloroform in water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_*Linimentum Chloroformi (Lin. Chlorof.), Chloroform Liniment, U.S.P._--A mixture of chloroform (30%) and soap liniment. Fairly active counterirritant.

_Mistura Chloroformi et Morphinae Composita (Mist. Chlorof. et Morph.

Co.), Compound Mixture of Chloroform and Morphine, N.F._ (Mistura Chloroformi et Cannabis Indicae Composita, N.F. III, Chloroform Anodyne).--Morphine sulphate (0.25%), chloroform (12.5%), ether (3.25%), tincture of cannabis (18.5%), tincture of capsic.u.m, oil of peppermint, glycerin, water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

USES: An evident imitation of the nostrum sold as chloranodyne, and equally irrational and objectionable.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Petroxolinum Chloroformi Camphoratum (Petrox. Chlorof. Camph.), Camphorated Chloroform Petroxolin, N.F._ (Camphor and Chloroform Petrox).--Chloroform (25%), camphor (25%) and liquid petroxolin.

_*Spiritus Chloroformi (Sp. Chlorof.), Spirit of Chloroform, U.S.P._--Chloroform (6%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=Chlorum, Chlorine.=--Cl.

_Liquor Chlori Compositus (Liq. Chlor. Co.), Compound Solution of Chlorine, N.F._ (Chlorine Water).--A solution containing chlorine, oxides of chlorine and hydrochloric acid made by treating pota.s.sium chlorate with hydrochloric acid and dissolving the gases produced in water.

USES: Antiseptic.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Chondrus (Chondrus), Chondrus, U.S.P.= (Irish Moss, Carrageen).--Plant.

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent and lubricant, possessing no advantages over other gums, acacia, for instance.

_Gelatinum Chondri (Gelat. Chondr.), Chondrus Gelatin, N.F._ (Irish Moss Gelatin).--Obtained by extraction with hot water and evaporation to semifluid consistency.

_Mucilago Chondri (Mucil. Chondr.), Mucilage of Chondrus, N.F._ (Mucilage of Irish Moss).--Chondrus (3%) in water.

=*Chromii Trioxidum (Chrom. Triox.), Chromium Trioxide, U.S.P.= ("Chromic Acid," Chromic Anhydride).--CrO{3}.

Dark purplish-red, odorless, deliquescent crystals. Very soluble in water (1:0.6). Decomposes, sometimes with dangerous violence, when brought into contact with organic solvents like alcohol and glycerin. Incompatible with most organic substances.

ACTION AND USES: A powerful oxidizing agent and caustic. Its action is somewhat difficult to control.

=*Chrysarobinum (Chrysarob.), Chrysarobin, U.S.P.=--Neutral principles from Goa powder.

Brownish to orange-yellow, tasteless, odorless powder, irritating to the mucous membrane. Slightly soluble in alcohol (1:385), soluble in chloroform (1:12.5) and very slightly soluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic and antiparasitic; a powerful irritant to the skin, used chiefly in the treatment of psoriasis, trichophytosis and alopecia areata.

_*Unguentum Chrysarobini (Ung. Chrysarobin.), Chrysarobin Ointment, U.S.P._--Chrysarobin (6%) in benzoinated lard.