Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 58

_Emulsum Olei Terebinthinae (Emuls. Ol. Tereb.), Emulsion of Oil of Turpentine, U.S.P._--Rectified oil of turpentine (15%) with expressed oil of almond, syrup, acacia and water.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 1/2 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Linimentum Terebinthinae (Lin. Terebinth.), Turpentine Liniment, U.S.P._ (Kentish's Ointment).--Rosin cerate (65%) in oil of turpentine.

_Linimentum Terebinthinae Acetic.u.m (Lin. Terebinth. Acet.), Acetic Turpentine Liniment, N.F._ (Linimentum Alb.u.m, Stokes' Liniment, St. John Long's Liniment).--Oil of turpentine (40%) and acetic acid (8%) with oil of lemon, fresh egg and rose water.

=*Oleum Theobromatis (Ol. Theobrom.), Oil of Theobroma, U.S.P.= (b.u.t.ter of Cacao, Cacao b.u.t.ter).--A solid fixed oil.

Melts at body temperature.

ACTION AND USES: Used princ.i.p.ally in suppositories, etc.; sometimes in emollient ointments and as a lubricant in ma.s.sage.

=Oleum Thymi (Ol. Thymi), Oil of Thyme, U.S.P.= (Thyme Oil).--A volatile oil.

Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Rubefacient and counterirritant; usually applied as a liniment, diluted with a fixed oil or the well-known soap liniment. Internally, carminative but now seldom used.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).

=*Oleum Tiglii (Ol. Tiglii), Croton Oil, U.S.P.=--A fixed oil.

ACTION AND USES: Very powerful cathartic and gastric and intestinal irritant, frequently causing violent vomiting and purging, sometimes followed by collapse. Externally, rubefacient and vesicant.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.). Preferably administered in drop doses on sugar or in a pill with bread or other absorbent.

_Collodium Tiglii (Collod. Tiglii), Croton Oil Collodion, N.F._--Croton oil (10%) and flexible collodion.

USES: There is no advantage in applying croton oil with collodion.

_Linimentum Tiglii (Lin. Tiglii), Liniment of Croton Oil, N.F._ (Linimentum Crotonis).--Croton oil (13%), oil of cajuput, and alcohol.

_Linimentum Tiglii Compositum (Lin. Tiglii Co.), Compound Croton Oil Liniment, N.F._--Croton oil, oil of sa.s.safras and oil of turpentine (each 20%) and olive oil.

=*Opium (Opium), Opium, U.S.P.=--The dried juice of the opium poppy.

Yields not less than 9.5 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.

ACTION AND USES: Like those of morphine, but opium is absorbed more slowly, and is generally preferred in the treatment of the gastro-intestinal tract, especially for the purpose of checking diarrhea. It is ineffective for external or local application, because the opium alkaloids are not absorbed to any appreciable extent through the unbroken skin.

The routine use of complicated mixtures containing opiates deserves condemnation, since opium should not be prescribed unless it is adapted to the conditions of the individual patient.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_Acetum Opii (Acet. Opii), Vinegar of Opium, N.F._--Opium (10%) in diluted acetic acid, flavored with nutmeg and sugar.

USES: An obsolete and superfluous preparation.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_*Extractum Opii (Ext. Opii), Extract of Opium, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Opium, Opii Extractum, P.I.).--One Gm. extract represents about 2 Gm. opium. Yields about 20 per cent. of anhydrous morphine.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

_Linimentum Opii Compositum (Lin. Opii Co.), Compound Liniment of Opium, N.F._ (Canada Liniment).--Tincture of opium (10%), camphor (1.75%), oil of peppermint (2.5%) in alcohol, fresh egg alb.u.men, ammonia water and oil of turpentine. Absolute alcohol content about 28 per cent.

USES: Irrational opium preparation.

_Mistura Camphorae Acida (Mist. Camph. Acid.), Acid Camphor Mixture, N.F._ (Mistura Antidysenterica, Hope's Mixture).--Tincture of opium (1.2%) and nitric acid (1.75%) in camphor water.

USES: Against diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Mistura Carminativa (Mist. Carminat.), Carminative Mixture, N.F._ (Dalby's Carminative).--Tincture of opium (2.5%), magnesium carbonate (6.5%), pota.s.sium carbonate (0.3%), with oils of caraway, fennel and peppermint in syrup and water.

USES: Against colic.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

_Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita (Mist. Glycyrrh. Co.), Compound Mixture of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Brown Mixture).--Camphorated tincture of opium (12%), antimony and pota.s.sium tartrate (0.024%), with pure extract of glycyrrhiza, syrup, acacia and spirit of nitrous ether in water.

Absolute alcohol content about 8 per cent.

USES: A misnamed but popular expectorant, efficient mainly through its opium and antimony.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Mistura Opii et Chloroformi Composita (Mist. Opii et Chlorof. Co.), Compound Mixture of Opium and Chloroform, N.F._ (Squibb's Diarrhea Mixture).--Tincture of opium (20%), spirit of camphor (20%), tincture of capsic.u.m (10%), chloroform (8%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.

USES: Against diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Mistura Opii et Rhei Composita (Mist. Opii et Rhei Co.), Compound Mixture of Opium and Rhubarb, N.F._ (Sun Cholera Mixture).--Tincture of opium (20%), tincture of rhubarb (10%), tincture of capsic.u.m (10%), spirit of camphor (20%), spirit of peppermint and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 78 per cent.

USES: Against diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Mistura Opii et Sa.s.safras (Mist. Opii et Sa.s.saf.), Mixture of Opium and Sa.s.safras, N.F._ (Mistura Sa.s.safras et Opii, N.F. III, Mistura Opii Alkalina, G.o.dfrey's Cordial).--Tincture of opium (3.5%) and oil of sa.s.safras (0.1%) with alcohol and pota.s.sium carbonate in syrup and water. Absolute alcohol content about 6.5 per cent.

USES: Sedative.

DOSAGE: Infants, 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.).