Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 84

ACTION AND USES: Hypnotic and sedative. Has properties similar to those of sulphonethylmethane, but usually acts somewhat more slowly.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.). Preferably administered in hot milk or other hot drinks.

=*Sulphur Lotum (Sulphur Lot.), Washed Sulphur, U.S.P.=--S.

Fine, yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water and in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used locally in parasitic diseases of the skin and as a mild cathartic especially in hemorrhoids.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Trochisci Sulphuris et Pota.s.sii Bitartratis (Troch. Sulphur. et Pot.

Bitart.), Troches of Sulphur and Pota.s.sium Bitartrate, N.F._ (Troches of Sulphur and Cream of Tartar).--Each troche contains washed sulphur (0.3 Gm. or 5 grains) and pota.s.sium bitartrate (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain) with tragacanth, sugar and oil of orange.

DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.). Dose so small as to be practically worthless.

=*Sulphur Praecipitatum (Sulphur Praec.), Precipitated Sulphur, U.S.P.= (Lac Sulphuris, Milk of Sulphur).--S. Made by precipitating a solution of calcium sulphide with hydrochloric acid.

Fine, pale yellow, odorless, tasteless powder.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of washed sulphur; more active and irritant.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

=*Sulphur Sublimatum (Sulphur Sublim.), Sublimed Sulphur, U.S.P.= (Flowers of Sulphur).--S.

Fine, yellow powder having a slight, characteristic odor and a faintly acid taste.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of washed sulphur.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Petroxolinum Sulphuratum (Petrox. Sulphur.), Sulphurated Petroxolin, N.F._ (Sulphurated Petrox).--Sublimed sulphur (3%) in linseed oil, oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.

_Petroxolinum Sulphuratum Compositum (Petrox. Sulphur. Co.), Compound Sulphurated Petroxolin, N.F._ (Compound Sulphurated Petrox).--Sulphurated petroxolin (10%), in oil of cade, thymol, eucalyptol, oil of turpentine and liquid petroxolin.

_*Unguentum Sulphuris (Ung. Sulphur.), Sulphur Ointment, U.S.P._--Sublimed sulphur (15%) in benzoinated lard.

_Unguentum Sulphuris Alkalinum (Ung. Sulphur. Alk.), Alkaline Sulphur Ointment, N.F._--Sublimed sulphur (20%) and pota.s.sium carbonate (10%) in water and benzoinated lard.

_Unguentum Sulphuris Compositum (Ung. Sulphur. Co.), Compound Sulphur Ointment, N.F._ (Wilkinson's Ointment, Hebra's Itch Ointment).--Sublimed sulphur (15%), oil of cade (15%) and precipitated calcium carbonate in soft soap and lard.

=Sulphuris Iodidum (Sulphur. Iod.), Sulphur Iodide, N.F.=--Washed sulphur (20%) and iodine combined by means of heat.

Brittle, grayish black ma.s.ses, having a metallic l.u.s.ter, an odor of iodine and a somewhat acrid taste. Almost insoluble in water; alcohol dissolves the iodine, leaving the sulphur.

ACTION AND USES: Used in parasitic skin diseases; antiquated.

=Sumbul (Sumbul), Sumbul, U.S.P.= (Musk-root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly exploited as a stimulant and antispasmodic in hysterical conditions. Effect probably psychic.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Sumbul (Ext. Sumbul), Extract of Sumbul, U.S.P._--A pilular extract.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Sumbul (Fldext. Sumbul), Fluidextract of Sumbul, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Musk-root).--Sumbul (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Sumbul (Tr. Sumbul), Tincture of Sumbul, N.F._--Sumbul (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=SUPPOSITORIA, SUPPOSITORIES, U.S.P.=--Suppositories are solid bodies of various weights and shapes adapted for introduction into the different orifices of the human body and melting readily at body heat.

=Suprarenalum Sicc.u.m (Supraren. Sicc.), Dried Suprarenals, U.S.P.= (Glandulae Suprarenales Siccae, U.S.P., VIII, Desiccated Suprarenal Glands).--The suprarenal glands of animals which are used for food by man, cleaned, dried, freed from fat, and powdered, and containing epinephrine (about 0.5%), the active principle of the suprarenal gland.

A light, yellowish-brown powder, having a slight, characteristic odor. Partially soluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: The action of dried suprarenals is virtually that of epinephrine, but more variable and less conveniently employed.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

=SYRUPI, SYRUPS.=--Syrups are aqueous solutions of medicinal substances rendered palatable by the addition of sugar. For the official syrups see under the names of the princ.i.p.al ingredients. For Syrupus, see under =Saccharum=; for Syrupus Bromidorum, under =Pota.s.sii Bromidum=; for Syrupus Ficorum Compositus, under =Ficus=; for Syrupus Hypophosphitum and Syrupus Hypophosphitum Compositus, under =Calcii Hypophosphis=; for Syrupus Ipecacuanhae et Opii, under =Opium=; for Syrupus Phosphatum Compositus, under =Acidum Phosphoric.u.m=; for Syrupus Phosphatum c.u.m Quinina et Strychnina, under =Quininae Hydrochloridum=, and for Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus c.u.m Morphina, under =Morphinae Sulphas=.

=Talc.u.m Purificatum (Talc. Purif.), Purified Talc, U.S.P.=--A purified native hydrous magnesium silicate, sometimes containing a small amount of aluminum silicate.

A fine white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder, which adheres to the skin and is slippery to the touch.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a dusting powder, and as a clarifying agent in pharmacy.

=Tamarindus (Tamarind.), Tamarind, N.F.=--The preserved pulp of the fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Mildly laxative. When infused with water, yields an agreeable acid drink.