A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla Part 2

The museum catalogue numbers of the specimens examined, together with the localities from which they came, are listed at the end of the account of each subspecies or monotypic species. The localities that are represented by symbols on the distribution map (Fig. 7) are in roman type; those that are not represented on the map, because overlapping of symbols would have occurred, are in italic type.

=Ptychohyla= Taylor, 1944

_Ptychohyla_ Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 30:41, May 15, 1944.

Type, _Ptychohyla adipoventris_ Taylor, 1944 [= _Hyla leonhardschultzei_ (Ahl), 1934].

_Diagnosis._--Small hylids having stream-adapted tadpoles and differing from other hylid genera in having large ventrolateral glands in breeding males.

_Composition._--Five species, two of which are made up of two subspecies, arranged in two groups of species on the basis of morphological characters of adults and tadpoles and on the basis of breeding calls.

_Distribution._--Moderate elevations from southern Guerrero and northern Oaxaca, Mexico, to northern El Salvador and central Honduras.

KEY TO ADULTS

1. A weak tarsal fold; outer fingers one-third webbed; males having spiny nuptial tuberosities; color in life tan or brown with blotches or reticulations, never green; iris bronze color _P. euthysanota_ group--2

No tarsal fold; outer fingers having only vestige of web; males lacking nuptial tuberosities; color in life green or brown; iris red or golden color _P. schmidtorum_ group--5

2. Chest, throat, and flanks usually having brown or black spots; no distinct white stripe on upper lip or on flanks; a faint white line usually present above a.n.a.l opening; a rostral keel 3

Chest, throat, and flanks usually unspotted; distinct white line on upper lip and on flank present or not; white line above a.n.a.l opening faint or well defined; no rostral keel 4

3. Interorbital region much wider than eyelid; spots on throat and chest black; spots only occasionally present on belly; flanks marbled with black and white; nuptial spines small, as many as 80 on one thumb _P. leonhardschultzei_

Interorbital region about as wide as eyelid; spots on chest and throat brown or black; spots usually present on belly; flanks having round brown or black spots; nuptial spines moderate in size, conical, seldom more than 60 on one thumb _P. spinipollex_

4. A distinct, broad, white lateral stripe usually present; usually a distinct white line above a.n.a.l opening; a distinct white stripe on upper lip _P. euthysanota euthysanota_

No white lateral stripe; a faint white stripe above a.n.a.l opening; no distinct white stripe on upper lip _P. euthysanota macrotympanum_

5. A distinct, broad, lateral stripe; a white stripe on upper lip expanded to form a large spot below eye; hidden surfaces of thighs and webs of feet not red in life; internarial region slightly depressed; diameter of tympanum greater than one-half diameter of eye 6

No lateral white stripe; no stripe on upper lip; in life dorsum green, hidden surfaces of thighs and webs of feet orange tan to bright red, and eye golden color; internarial region flat; diameter of tympanum less than one-half diameter of eye _P. ignicolor_

6. Webs of feet and posterior surfaces of thighs pale cream color; dorsum in life reddish brown; iris bright red _P. schmidtorum schmidtorum_

Webs of feet and posterior surfaces of thighs pale brown; dorsum in life green; iris reddish bronze color _P. schmidtorum chamulae_

KEY TO TADPOLES

1. Lips greatly expanded forming a funnel-shaped mouth; tooth-rows 3/3 _P. schmidtorum_ group--2

Lips folded laterally, not forming a funnel-shaped mouth; tooth-rows 4/6 or more _P. euthysanota_ group--4

2. Belly and mouth mottled; tail cream color heavily blotched with brown 3

Belly dark gray; tail cream color with dense brown flecking, giving brown appearance _P. schmidtorum chamulae_

3. Belly cream color with brown mottling; no large tubercle at each end of first lower tooth-row _P. schmidtorum schmidtorum_

Belly grayish green with brown mottling; a large tubercle at each end of first lower tooth-row _P. ignicolor_

4. Tooth-rows 4/6; cream-colored crescent-shaped mark on posterior part of body bordered posteriorly by large brown mark 5

Tooth-rows usually 4/7 (sometimes 4/6); cream-colored crescent-shaped mark on posterior part of body usually indistinct, not bordered posteriorly by large brown mark _P. spinipollex_

5. Caudal musculature uniformly flecked with brown; lower tooth-rows 1-4 about equal in length to upper rows _P. euthysanota euthysanota_

Caudal musculature having brown square blotches dorsally on anterior one-half of tail; lower tooth-rows 1-4 usually slightly shorter than upper rows 6

6. Dorsal caudal blotches well defined and extending onto sides of tail; moderately large brown flecks on caudal fin; eye in life pale reddish brown _P. leonhardschultzei_

Dorsal caudal blotches faint, not extending onto sides of tail; small brown flecks on caudal fin; eye in life silvery bronze _P. euthysanota macrotympanum_

The _Ptychohyla euthysanota_ Group

Three species in group; adults having moderate amount of webbing between fingers, and tarsal fold; breeding males having spinous, h.o.r.n.y, nuptial tuberosities on pollex; mouths of tadpoles having lateral folds in lips and 4/6 or 4/7 tooth-rows; breeding call consisting of one long note.

=Ptychohyla euthysanota=

_Diagnosis._--Rostral keel absent; nuptial spines in males small; interorbital region much wider than eyelid.

[Ill.u.s.tration: PLATE 12 _Ptychohyla euthysanota euthysanota_ (KU 58008). 2.]

=Ptychohyla euthysanota euthysanota= (Kellogg)

_Hyla euthysanota_ Kellogg, Proc. Biol. Soc. Was.h.i.+ngton, 41:123-124, June 29, 1928 [Holotype.--USNM 73296 from Los Esemiles, Depto. Chalatenango, El Salvador; Ruben A. Stirton collector]. Mertens, Senckenbergiana, 33:169-171, June 15, 1952; Abhand. Senckenbergische Naturf. Gesell., 487:29, December 1, 1952. Stuart, Proc. Biol. Soc. Was.h.i.+ngton, 67:169, August 5, 1954.

_Hyla rozellae_ Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 28:78-80, pl. 9, fig. 1, May 15, 1942 [Holotype.--USNM 115039 from Salto de Agua, Chiapas, Mexico; Hobart M. and Rozella Smith collectors]. Taylor and Smith, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., 95:587, June 30, 1945. Smith and Taylor, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus., 194:86, June 17, 1948. Stuart, Proc. Biol. Soc. Was.h.i.+ngton, 67:169, August 5, 1954.