The Coke Machine Part 21

Page 220 casualties of a globalizing economy: See Klein, See Klein, No Logo No Logo.

Page 220 protests at the WTO meetings: For an activists' perspective on the event, see David Solnit and Rebecca Solnit, For an activists' perspective on the event, see David Solnit and Rebecca Solnit, The Battle of the Story of the Battle of Seattle The Battle of the Story of the Battle of Seattle (Edinburgh, Scotland: AK Press, 2009). (Edinburgh, Scotland: AK Press, 2009).

Page 220 patchouli-scented caravan of activists: See Naomi Klein, See Naomi Klein, Fences and Windows: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Globalization Debate Fences and Windows: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Globalization Debate (New York: Picador, 2002). (New York: Picador, 2002).

Page 220 removed c.o.ke from its campus: Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott"; "Boycott Killer c.o.ke!" Colombia Action Network. Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott"; "Boycott Killer c.o.ke!" Colombia Action Network.

Page 220 Bard College in upstate New York followed suit: Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott"; Baran, "Stop Killer c.o.ke!" Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott"; Baran, "Stop Killer c.o.ke!"

Page 221 "Unfortunately, Bard College officials": Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott." Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott."

Page 221 pa.s.sed by fewer than sixty votes: Shane Hegarty, "Students Give c.o.ke the Push," Shane Hegarty, "Students Give c.o.ke the Push," Irish Times Irish Times, October 18, 2003.

Page 221 won by an even higher margin: Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott." Lovell, "Students Call for c.o.ke Boycott."

Page 221 $100,000-a-year budget: Campaign to Stop Killer c.o.ke grant requests, 2006 and 2007; Rogers, interview by the author. Campaign to Stop Killer c.o.ke grant requests, 2006 and 2007; Rogers, interview by the author.

Page 221 c.o.ke's $30 billion: The Coca-Cola Company, Annual Report, 2010. The Coca-Cola Company, Annual Report, 2010.

Page 221 mentioned the situation in Colombia: Paul Klebnikov, "c.o.ke's Sinful World," Paul Klebnikov, "c.o.ke's Sinful World," Forbes Forbes, December 22, 2003.

Page 222 voted twelve to eight to remove Carleton's c.o.ke machines: The details of this account stem solely from Rogers; however, independent sources corroborate the fact that he attended the meeting and debated c.o.ke's representative. See Ian Werkheiser, "Killer c.o.ke," The details of this account stem solely from Rogers; however, independent sources corroborate the fact that he attended the meeting and debated c.o.ke's representative. See Ian Werkheiser, "Killer c.o.ke," Z Magazine Z Magazine, August 1, 2004, and Margaret Webb, "Human Rights Charges Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola," Was.h.i.+ngton Post Was.h.i.+ngton Post, April 22, 2004.

Page 222 next campus to sever its ties with c.o.ke: Avi Chomsky, interview by the author. Avi Chomsky, interview by the author.

Page 223 honored as a civil rights pioneer: Brian C. Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom," Brian C. Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom," Boston Globe Boston Globe, August 13, 2006.

Page 223 "from human rights violations": Letter from Terry Collingsworth to Equal Justice Works board members, October 2, 2003. Letter from Terry Collingsworth to Equal Justice Works board members, October 2, 2003.

Page 223 "so we could see": Webb, "Human Rights Charges Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola." Webb, "Human Rights Charges Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola."

Page 223 "sources close to the situation": Webb, "Human Rights Changes Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola." Webb, "Human Rights Changes Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola."

Page 223 "confidence in the brand": Joan Vennochi, "Killer c.o.ke's Charges Go Flat," Joan Vennochi, "Killer c.o.ke's Charges Go Flat," Boston Globe Boston Globe, August 10, 2006.

Page 223 "either of two things": Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom." Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom."

Page 223 The company refused: Vennochi, "Killer c.o.ke's Charges Go Flat." Vennochi, "Killer c.o.ke's Charges Go Flat."

Page 224 $2.1 million consulting contract: Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom." Mooney, "Patrick's Path from Courtroom to Boardroom."

Page 224 the campaign played a role in Daft's own retirement: Rogers, interview by the author. Rogers, interview by the author.

Page 224 Rogers had a love-hate relations.h.i.+p: Rogers, interview by the author. Rogers, interview by the author.

Page 224 "c.o.ke has shown": Final Report, "An Investigation of Allegations of Murder and Violence in Coca-Cola's Bottling Plants," NYC Fact-Finding Delegation on Coca-Cola in Colombia led by New York city councilman Hiram Monserrate, April 2004. Final Report, "An Investigation of Allegations of Murder and Violence in Coca-Cola's Bottling Plants," NYC Fact-Finding Delegation on Coca-Cola in Colombia led by New York city councilman Hiram Monserrate, April 2004.

Page 224 first-quarter profits of $1.13 billion: Scott Leith, "c.o.ke's First-Quarter Profit Climbs 35 Percent," Scott Leith, "c.o.ke's First-Quarter Profit Climbs 35 Percent," Atlanta Journal-Const.i.tution Atlanta Journal-Const.i.tution, April 22, 2004.

Page 225 Daft addressed the Colombia situation . . . call for an independent investigation: The account of the 2004 shareholders meeting draws on video shown on The account of the 2004 shareholders meeting draws on video shown on Democracy Now! Democracy Now!, April 27, 2004, "Killer c.o.ke: Activist Disrupts Coca Cola Shareholders Meeting" (http://www.democracynow.org/2004/4/27/stream), as well as Ray Rogers, interview by the author, and the following contemporaneous news reports: Grow, "Labor Activity Bubbly over Coca-Cola Fight"; Scott Leith and Matt Kempner, "Scuffle, Catcalls Spice Coca-Cola's Annual Meeting in Delaware," Scott Leith and Matt Kempner, "Scuffle, Catcalls Spice Coca-Cola's Annual Meeting in Delaware," Atlanta Journal-Const.i.tution Atlanta Journal-Const.i.tution, April 22, 2004; and Webb, "Human Rights Charges Still Gnaw at Coca-Cola."

Page 225 hadn't intended the meeting to turn physical: Rogers, interview by the author. Rogers, interview by the author.

Page 225 77,000 shares of common stock: The Coca-Cola Company, Proxy Statement, March 4, 2004; The Coca-Cola Company, "Historical Price Lookup," The Coca-Cola Company, Proxy Statement, March 4, 2004; The Coca-Cola Company, "Historical Price Lookup," http://ir.thecocacolacompany.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=94566&p=irol-stocklookup.

Page 226 $5,000 check to Corporate Campaign, Inc.: Note from B. Wardlaw to Ray Rogers, April 23, 2004. Note from B. Wardlaw to Ray Rogers, April 23, 2004.

Page 226 refusal to investigate in Colombia: Betsy Morris, "The Real Story: How Did Coca-Cola's Management Go from First-Rate to Farcical in Six Short Years? Tommy the Barber Knows," Betsy Morris, "The Real Story: How Did Coca-Cola's Management Go from First-Rate to Farcical in Six Short Years? Tommy the Barber Knows," Fortune Fortune, May 17, 2004.

CHAPTER 9 . ALL THE WATER IN INDIA.

Page 228 fecal coliform bacteria count of 600,000: "Up to Their Necks in It," "Up to Their Necks in It," The Economist The Economist, July 17, 2008.

Page 228 toxic soup of heavy metals: "Hazardous Heavy Metals Polluting Ganga," "Hazardous Heavy Metals Polluting Ganga," Times of India Times of India, June 4, 2009.

Page 228 "a cloudy brown soup of excrement": "Up to Their Necks in It." "Up to Their Necks in It."

Page 228 ambitious cleanup plan: Dipak Mishra, "Clean Ganga Water Still a Dream," Dipak Mishra, "Clean Ganga Water Still a Dream," Times of India, Times of India, March 22, 2010; Samanth Subramanian, "The Monumental Decline of a Great River," March 22, 2010; Samanth Subramanian, "The Monumental Decline of a Great River," MINT, MINT, September 1, 2009. September 1, 2009.

Page 228 Nearly half of those who bathe: "India's Ganges River Brings Disease, Pollution; Believers Scarcely Notice," a.s.sociated Press, May 9, 2002. "India's Ganges River Brings Disease, Pollution; Believers Scarcely Notice," a.s.sociated Press, May 9, 2002.

Page 229 "Lok Samiti follows": Nandlal Master, interview by the author. Nandlal Master, interview by the author.

Page 230 The plant here dates back to 1995: Nandlal, interview by the author; s.h.i.+ra Wolf, "Thanda-Hearted Matlab: Coca-Cola in India," University of Wisconsin College Year in India paper, 2003-2004. Nandlal, interview by the author; s.h.i.+ra Wolf, "Thanda-Hearted Matlab: Coca-Cola in India," University of Wisconsin College Year in India paper, 2003-2004.

Page 230 Coca-Cola India purchased the plant: Nandlal, interview by the author; Wolf, "Thanda-Hearted Matlab"; Nandlal, interview by the author; Wolf, "Thanda-Hearted Matlab"; Independent Third Party a.s.sessment of Coca-Cola Facilities in India, Independent Third Party a.s.sessment of Coca-Cola Facilities in India, Project Report No. 2006WM21 (New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Inst.i.tute, 2006), 219 (hereafter TERI report). Project Report No. 2006WM21 (New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Inst.i.tute, 2006), 219 (hereafter TERI report).

Page 230 clas.h.i.+ng with the company: Nandlal, interview by the author. Nandlal, interview by the author.

Page 230 short-term contracts: Kalyan Ranjan, interview by the author. Kalyan Ranjan, interview by the author.

Page 230 workers appealed to company management: Nandlal, interview by the author. Nandlal, interview by the author.

Page 230 "The first major problem": Urmika Vishwakarma, interview by the author. Urmika Vishwakarma, interview by the author.

Page 230 water pooled by the side of the highway: Nantoo Banerjee, Nantoo Banerjee, The Real Thing: c.o.ke's b.u.mpy Ride Through India The Real Thing: c.o.ke's b.u.mpy Ride Through India (Kolkata, India: Frontpage, 2009), 79. (Kolkata, India: Frontpage, 2009), 79.

Page 231 "nothing would grow": Nandlal and Vishwakarma, interviews by the author. Nandlal and Vishwakarma, interviews by the author.

Page 231 water shortages in 2002: Shankkar Aiyar, "The Impact: Thirst Aid," Shankkar Aiyar, "The Impact: Thirst Aid," India Today India Today, 2002; "Indian Economy: General Review," Finance India Finance India, March 2003; "Drought May Undo Govt's Plans for High GDP Growth," Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, July 25, 2004.

Page 231 one of ninety-seven wells that Lok Samiti says: R. Chandrika, "Decreasing Water Levels: Status of Water Table in Mehdiganj and Surrounding Villages, Varanasi, U.P. (August 2006)," Lok Samiti Varanasi. R. Chandrika, "Decreasing Water Levels: Status of Water Table in Mehdiganj and Surrounding Villages, Varanasi, U.P. (August 2006)," Lok Samiti Varanasi.

Page 231 villagers staged their first rally: Nandlal, interview by the author; Mukesh Prabhan, president of Nagepur village committee, interview by the author. Nandlal, interview by the author; Mukesh Prabhan, president of Nagepur village committee, interview by the author.

Page 231 ordered c.o.ke to clean up: Nandlal, interview by the author; Banerjee, 79. Nandlal, interview by the author; Banerjee, 79.

Page 231 ca.n.a.l overflowed into his fish pond: Local farmer, interview by the author. Local farmer, interview by the author.

Page 232 c.o.ke uses only 3 percent of the area's groundwater: Ranjan, interview by the author. Ranjan, interview by the author.

Page 232 "We have never dispensed biosolids to farmers": Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, July 31, 2003.

Page 233 "since 2003, we no longer distribute biosolids": "Coca-Cola India: Questions and Answers," "Coca-Cola India: Questions and Answers," www.c.o.kefacts.com/India/facts_in_qa.shtml.

Page 233 problem persisted for months: Banerjee, 79. Banerjee, 79.

Page 233 15 million liters during June: TERI report, 206. TERI report, 206.

Page 233 seven-step process of purification: Sanjay Bansal, interview by the author. Sanjay Bansal, interview by the author.

Page 234 tank containing two ground fish: Bansal, interview by the author. Bansal, interview by the author.

Page 234 a lot of good for his village: Dudh Nath Yadav, interview by the author. Dudh Nath Yadav, interview by the author.

Page 234 more than 150 people protesting: Ranjan, interview by the author. Ranjan, interview by the author.

Page 234 thousands of people at a time protesting: See, for example, India Resource Center, "Police Attack Coca-Cola Protest, over 350 Arrested," press release, November 25, 2004; "UP Villagers Allege Coca-Cola of 'Poisoning' Their Drinking Water," See, for example, India Resource Center, "Police Attack Coca-Cola Protest, over 350 Arrested," press release, November 25, 2004; "UP Villagers Allege Coca-Cola of 'Poisoning' Their Drinking Water," Hindustan Times Hindustan Times, October 5, 2006.

Page 235 Thums Up, a drier and fruitier cola: Tuck Business School of Dartmouth, Tuck Business School of Dartmouth, Coca-Cola India Coca-Cola India, Case no. 1-0085, prepared by Jennifer Kaye, under the direction of Professor Paul A. Argenti, 2004 (hereafter, Tuck case).

Page 235 c.o.ke simply bought up the company: Banerjee, 19. Banerjee, 19.

Page 235 at least 49 percent of shares: Banerjee, 25. Banerjee, 25.

Page 235 6 bottles per person per year: Tuck case. Tuck case.

Page 236 c.o.ke languishes in third place: Banerjee, 43-46. Banerjee, 43-46.

Page 236 stay of execution in divesting its shares: Banerjee, 28-32. Banerjee, 28-32.

Page 236 10 percent of the company is Indian-owned: Banerjee, 33-42. Banerjee, 33-42.

Page 236 Volume grew by nearly 40 percent: Tuck case. Tuck case.

Page 237 sank six bore wells: Coca-Cola India, "The Coca-Cola Company Addresses Allegations Made About Our Business in India," press release, June 1, 2004, Coca-Cola India, "The Coca-Cola Company Addresses Allegations Made About Our Business in India," press release, June 1, 2004, www.thecocacolacompany.com/presscenter/viewpoints_india.

Page 237 fast-tracked approval: A. Krishnan, Perumutty Gram Panchayat president, interview by the author. A. Krishnan, Perumutty Gram Panchayat president, interview by the author.

Page 237 "When Coca-Cola first"..."Many villages have boycotted": R. Ajayan, interview by the author. R. Ajayan, interview by the author.

Page 237 distributed sludge for use as fertilizer: Ajayan, interview by the author; several anonymous villagers, interviews by the author. Ajayan, interview by the author; several anonymous villagers, interviews by the author.

Page 238 never enough water: Anonymous villagers, interviews by the author. Anonymous villagers, interviews by the author.

Page 238 bitter aftertaste: Taste test by the author. Taste test by the author.

Page 238 literacy rate of over 90 percent: Kerala Fact Sheet, 2005-2006, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Kerala Fact Sheet, 2005-2006, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, http://www.nfhsindia.org/pdf/KE.pdf.

Page 238 antibusiness climate had led to high unemployment: See Banerjee, 128-129. See Banerjee, 128-129.

Page 238 returned a portion of their ancestral lands: C. R. Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle" (Thiruvananthapuram [Trivandrum], India: Plachimada Coca-Cola Virudha Samara Samithi and Plachimada Struggle Solidarity Committee, November 2006), 4; C. R. Bijoy, interview by the author. C. R. Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle" (Thiruvananthapuram [Trivandrum], India: Plachimada Coca-Cola Virudha Samara Samithi and Plachimada Struggle Solidarity Committee, November 2006), 4; C. R. Bijoy, interview by the author.

Page 239 "I told them their strength was in the local": Bijoy, interview by the author. Bijoy, interview by the author.

Page 239 around-the-clock sit-in: Bijoy and Veloor Swaminathan, interviews by the author; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 7-10. Bijoy and Veloor Swaminathan, interviews by the author; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 7-10.

Page 239 "unfit for human consumption": Sangram Metals report, April 3, 2002; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 10. Sangram Metals report, April 3, 2002; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 10.

Page 239 "In the beginning": Krishnan, interview by the author. Krishnan, interview by the author.

Page 239 Indian branch of Greenpeace: D. Rajeev, "Coca-Cola's Cup of Woes Overflows," Inter Press Service, August 7, 2003. D. Rajeev, "Coca-Cola's Cup of Woes Overflows," Inter Press Service, August 7, 2003.

Page 240 Sympathetic stories in the media: For example, "Kerala Villagers Up in Arms Against Coca-Cola," For example, "Kerala Villagers Up in Arms Against Coca-Cola," Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, June 21, 2002.

Page 240 declared their support: "Communist Parties Throw Support," "Communist Parties Throw Support," Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, February 3, 2003.

Page 240 "They were just too arrogant": Krishnan, interview by the author. Krishnan, interview by the author.

Page 240 revoking the plant's operating license: Krishnan, interview by the author; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 13; Krishnan, interview by the author; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 13; Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, July 31, 2003.

Page 240 solid waste as fertilizer: "India Coca-Cola Investigation" (transcript), presenter John Waite, BBC Radio 4, July 25, 2003. "India Coca-Cola Investigation" (transcript), presenter John Waite, BBC Radio 4, July 25, 2003.

Page 240 useless as fertilizer: P. Venugopal, "Toxicity in Plachimada Sludge," P. Venugopal, "Toxicity in Plachimada Sludge," The Hindu The Hindu, July 27, 2003.

Page 240 toxic levels of lead and cadmium: BBC Test Results, "a.n.a.lytical Results for Sample NGP03020"; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 11; "c.o.ke's 'Toxic Sludge' Raises Hackles in Kerala; State Pollution Control Board to Probe BBC Charge Against Coca-Cola," BBC Test Results, "a.n.a.lytical Results for Sample NGP03020"; Bijoy, "Kerala's Plachimada Struggle," 11; "c.o.ke's 'Toxic Sludge' Raises Hackles in Kerala; State Pollution Control Board to Probe BBC Charge Against Coca-Cola," India Abroad India Abroad, August 8, 2003.

Page 240 prostate and kidney cancer: National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, "11th Report on Carcinogens," January 31, 2005. National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, "11th Report on Carcinogens," January 31, 2005.

Page 241 evidence from a respected British university: For an excellent exploration of modern India in all its complexity and contradictions, see Mira Kamdar, For an excellent exploration of modern India in all its complexity and contradictions, see Mira Kamdar, Planet India: How the Fastest-Growing Democracy Is Transforming America and the World Planet India: How the Fastest-Growing Democracy Is Transforming America and the World (New York: Scribner, 2007). For a discussion of cultural factors relating to the issue of pesticides in cola, see Neeraj Vedwan, "Pesticides in Coca-Cola and Pepsi: Consumerism, Brand Image, and Public Interest in a Globalizing India," (New York: Scribner, 2007). For a discussion of cultural factors relating to the issue of pesticides in cola, see Neeraj Vedwan, "Pesticides in Coca-Cola and Pepsi: Consumerism, Brand Image, and Public Interest in a Globalizing India," Cultural Anthropology Cultural Anthropology 22, no. 4 (2007), 659-684. 22, no. 4 (2007), 659-684.

Page 241 Kerala Pollution Control Board did its own tests: Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, July 31, 2003.

Page 241 four times the tolerable limit: Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, August 6, 2003; Kerala State Pollution Control Board, "Presence of Heavy Metals in Sludge Generated in the Factory of M/S Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd., Palakkad, A Study Report," September 2003.

Page 241 vowed to pursue legal action: Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, August 7, 2003.

Page 241 pesticides at thirty-seven times the European standards: Banerjee, 85-86; Ranjit Devraj, "Indian c.o.ke and Pepsi Laced with Pesticides, Says NGO," Inter Press Service, August 5, 2003. Banerjee, 85-86; Ranjit Devraj, "Indian c.o.ke and Pepsi Laced with Pesticides, Says NGO," Inter Press Service, August 5, 2003.

Page 241 c.o.ke's famous promise: Vedwan, "Pesticides in Coca-Cola and Pepsi," 659-684. Vedwan, "Pesticides in Coca-Cola and Pepsi," 659-684.

Page 241 banned the sale of soft drinks: Press Trust of India Press Trust of India, August 8, 2003.