The Book Of Lost Tales: Part I Part 20

Aulenoss For noss 'kin, people' see Valinor.

Aur Gnomish name of the Sun; see r.

Balrog GL defines Balrog as 'a kind of fire-demon; creatures and servants of Melko'. With the article the form is i'Malrog, plural i'Malraugin. Separate entries give bal 'anguish' (original initial consonant mb-), balc 'cruel' and graug 'demon'. Qenya forms are mentioned: arauk and Malkarauk. In QL Malkarauk with other words such as malkan 'torture' are given under a root MALA (MBALA) '(crush), hurt, damage', but the relation of this to MALA 'crush, squeeze' (see Olr Mall) was apparently not decided. There are also Valkarauk and Valkan 'torture', but again the relations.h.i.+p is left obscure.

Brglorin Defined in the text (p. 187) as 'the blazing vessel', but translated in GL as 'Golden Wain, a name of the Sun', with a note: 'also in a.n.a.lytical form iVreda 'Loriol' brada 'waggon, wain'. For-glorin see Laurelin.

Bronweg GL has Bronweg '(the constant one), name of a famous Gnome', with related words as brod, bronn 'steadfast', bronweth 'constancy'. In QL Voronw (see p. 48) 'the faithful' is derived from the root VORO, with vor, voro 'ever', voronda 'faithful', vorima 'everlasting', etc. Cf. Vorotemnar.

The common ending -weg is not given in GL, but cf. gweg 'man', plural gwaith.

Cm a Gumlaith 'The Mound of the First Sorrow', tomb of Bruithwir, p. 149. GL cm 'mound, especially burial-mound' (also c.u.m- 'lie', c.u.mli 'couch'); gumlaith 'weariness of spirit, grief' (blaith 'spirit').

Cm a Thegranaithos See preceding entry. GL thegra 'first, foremost', thegor 'chief' naitha- 'lament, weep, wail for', naithol 'miserable'.

Danuin GL has dana 'day (24 hours)', with reference to Qenya sana (not in QL); Dana was an earlier reading for Danuin (p. 222). The same element appears in Lomendnar 'Days of Gloaming'.

Dor Faidwen Gnomish dr (< ndor-)="" '(inhabited)="" land,="" country,="" people="" of="" the="" land'="" see="">

Dor Faidwen is translated in the text 'Land of Release' (p. 13); GL has faidwen 'freedom' and many related words, as fair 'free', faith 'liberty', etc. In QL under root FAYA appear faire 'free', fairi 'freedom', fainu- 'release'.

Dor Faidwen was the final Gnomish name of Tol Eressa after many changes (p. 21), but little light can be cast on the earlier forms. Gar in Gar Eglos is a Gnomish word meaning 'place, district'. Dor Us(g)wen: GL gives the stem us- 'leave, depart' (also uthwen 'way out, exit'), and QL under root USU 'escape' has usw 'issue, escape' and usin 'he escapes'.

Dor Lmin See Valinor, Hisilm.

Erendel In an annotated list of names accompanying The Fall of Gondolin there is a suggestion, attributed to Littleheart son of Voronw, that Erendel had 'some kins.h.i.+p to the Elfin ea and earen "eagle" and "eyrie"', and in QL these words (both given the meaning 'eagle') are placed with Erendel, though not explicitly connected. In the tale itself it is said that 'there are many interpretations both among Elves and Men' of the name Erendel, with a suggestion that it was a word of 'some secret tongue' spoken by the people of Gondolin.

GL has an entry: Ioringli 'true Gnomish form of Erendel's name, though the Eldar-form has been also adopted and often is met in transition state as Iarendel, Iorendel' (on the distinction between 'Gnomish' and 'Eldar' see p. 50). Gnomish words for 'eagle' are ior, ioroth.

In QL is an entry Erendilyon 'son of Erendel (used of any mariner)' cf. p. 13.

Eldamar For the first element see Eldar.-In QL the following words are given in a group: mar (mas-) 'dwelling of men, the Earth, -land', mardo 'dweller', masto 'village', and -mas equivalent to English -ton, -by in place-names (cf. Mar Vanwa Tyalieva; Koromas; iTalka Marda 'Smith of the World', Aul). In GL are bar 'home' (< mbar-),="" and="" derivatives,="" as="" baros="" 'hamlet',="" also="" -bar="" as="" suffix="" 'dweller',="" or="" 'home,="">

The Gnomish equivalent of Eldamar was Eglobar (Gnomish Egla = Qenya Elda): 'Eglobar "Elfinesse" = Q. Eldamar, i.e. Elfhome; the land on the edge of Valinor where the fairies dwelt and built Cr. Also in forms Eglabar, Eglamar, Eglomar.' In QL Eldamar is said, in a very early entry, to be 'the rocky beach in western Inwinr (Fary)' 'upon this rock was the white town built called Kr'.

Eldar In QL Elda is given separately, without etymological connections, and defined as 'a beach-fay or Solosimp (sh.o.r.e-piper)'. This is a glimpse of an earlier conception than that found in the Lost Tales: the Eldar were originally the Sea-elves. GL has the entry Egla '"a being from outside", name of the fairies given by the Valar and largely adopted by them, ="Q." Elda' (see p. 235); also eg, g 'far away, distant'. The a.s.sociation of Eldar with the stars does not go back to the beginning.

Erinti She appears in QL in an isolated, early entry (afterwards struck through). Nothing is ever told of Erinti in the Lost Tales, but in this note she is called the Vala of love, music, and beauty, also named Lotess and Akairis ('bride'), sister of Noldorin and Amillo. These three alone (i.e. of the Valar) have left Valinor, and dwell in Inwenr (Tol Eressa); she herself dwells in Alalminr in a korin of elms guarded by the fairies. The second half of the month of avestalis (January) is called Erintion.

There is no trace of this elsewhere; but clearly, when Erinti became the daughter of Manw and Varda her dwelling in Alalminr was taken over by Meril-i-Turinqi, the Lady of Tol Eressa.

In the Valar name-list Erinti is called also Kalainis; this word appears in QL with the meaning 'May', one of many derivatives from the root KALA (see Galmir).

Eriol In The Cottage of Lost Play (p. 14) Eriol is translated 'One who dreams alone'. In QL the elements of this interpretation are given under the roots ERE 'remain alone' (see Tol Eressa) and LORO 'slumber' (see Lrien). In GL appears the note cited on p. 24 that Gnomish Angol and Qenya Eriollo were the names of the region 'between the seas' whence Eriol came (="Angeln" in the Danish peninsula); and in an isolated note elsewhere Angol is derived from ang 'iron' and l 'cliff', while Eriol is said to mean the same-'this being the name of the fairies for the parts [sic] of his home (ironcliffs)'. Meril refers to 'the black coasts of your home' (p. 96). In this note the interpretation 'One who dreams alone' is said to be a pun on Lindo's part.

For ang 'iron' see Angamandi. GL has ol, la 'cliff, seaward precipice', with Qenya forms ollo, old. ere(n) 'iron or steel' is given in QL, and this element appears also in the alternative name Eremandu for Angamandu, 'h.e.l.ls of Iron'.

Eruman The names of this region are as difficult as the original conception of the region itself (see p. 91 ff.). The form Erumni (which occurs in the Tales as well as Eruman) appears in QL under ERE 'out' (cf. Neni Ermar) without further information. GL has a long entry under Edhofon, which="Q." Erumni: it is a 'dark land outside Valinor and to the south of the Bay of Fary, that ran right up to the bases of the western side of the Mountains of Valinor; its farthest northern point touched upon the roots of Taniquetil, hence Edhofon < eusmn-,="" i.e.="" beyond="" the="" abode="" of="" the="" mnir.="" hence="" also="" the="" q.="" t.i.tle="" afalinan="" or="" arvalion,="" i.e.="" nigh="" valinor.'="" the="" implication="" of="" this="" seems="" to="" be="" that="" taniquetil="" was="" 'the="" abode="" of="" the="" mnir',="" as="" is="" comprehensible,="" since="" the="" mnir="" were="" particularly="" a.s.sociated="" with="" manw="" (the="" gnomish="" words="" mna,="" mni="" are="" defined="" as="" 'spirits="" of="" the="" air,="" children="" of="" manw'),="" and="" therefore="" eruman="" was="" beyond="" (south="" of)="" their="" abode.="" see="">

GL also states that Edhofon was called Garioth; and Garioth is 'the true Gnome form' of the name Aryador (a word of Ilkorin origin) 'land of shadow', though applied not to Hisilm but to Edhofon / Eruman.

According to QL Harwalin 'near the Valar' contains har(e) 'near' the entries in GL are too confusing to cite, for the forms of Harwalin / Arvalin were changed over and over again. A late entry in GL gives a prefix ar- 'beside, along with'. For Habbanan see Valar.

Fala.s.s Nma Translated in the text (p. 124) as 'Western Surf' see Falman, Nm.

Falman In QL the root FALA has derivatives falma 'foam', falmar 'wave as it breaks', falas(s) 'sh.o.r.e, beach', Falman="Oss" cf. Fala.s.s Nmea, Falmarni. GL has falm 'breaker, wave', falos 'sea-marge, surf', Falmon or Falathron 'names of Otha [Oss], ="Q." Falman and Fala.s.sar'.

Falmarni See Falman.

Fanturi In QL fantur, without translation but with reference to Lrien and Mandos, is given under root FANA, with several derivatives all referring to visions, dreams, falling asleep. In GL (a late entry) the form is Fanthor, plural iFanthaurin 'the name of each of the two brothers, of sleep, of death'.

Fanuin GL has fann 'a year'. For the rejected names Lathos, Lathweg (p. 222) see Gonlath.

Faskala-nmen, Faskalan Translated in the text (p. 187) as 'Bath of the Setting Sun'. GL has fas- 'wash', fasc 'clean', fasca- 'splash, sprinkle', fs 'bath'. For-nmen see Nm.

Fanor The only evidence for the meaning of this name is given under Fionw-rion.

Fingolma See Nlem.

Finw As a proper name this is not in the dictionaries, but GL gives a common noun finweg 'craftsman, man of skill' (with fim 'clever; right hand' and other related words); for -weg see Bronweg. In QL derivatives of root FINI are finwa 'sagacious', fini, find 'cunning'. See Nlem.

Fionw-rion Fion 'son' is given separately in QL (a hurried later addition), with the note 'especially Fion(w) the Vala'. In Gnomish he is 'Auros Fionweg, or Fionaur Fionor'. In a later entry in GL 'Fionaur (Fionor)="Q." Fanor (goblet-smith)', and among the original entries is fion 'bowl, goblet'. There is no indication that this refers to Fanor the Gnome.

For the second element (rion, Auros) see r. In the Valar namelist Fionw is called Kalmo; see Galmir.

Fui In QL are hui 'fog, dark, murk, night' and huiva 'murky', and also 'Fui (=hui) wife of V'. In Gnomish she is Fuil 'Queen of the Dark', and related words are fui 'night', fuin 'secret, dark'.

fumellar The 'flowers of sleep' (poppies) in Lrien's gardens (p. 74). QL under root FUMU 'sleep' has fm 'sleep' (noun), fmella, fmellot 'poppy'.

Galmir Translated in the text (p. 187) as 'the goldgleamer' (a name of the Sun). This is a derivative of Gnomish gal- 's.h.i.+ne', which in Qenya is KALA 's.h.i.+ne golden', and of which a great many derivatives are given in QL, as kala- 's.h.i.+ne', kl 'morning', kalma 'daylight', Kalainis 'May' (see Erinti), kalwa 'beautiful', etc. Cf. Kalorm, Kalavent, and ikal' antlien 'Light bath returned' (p. 184).

Gar Lossion Translated in the text (p. 16) as 'Place of Flowers' (Gnomish name of Alalminr). For Gar see Dor Faidwen. GL gives lost 'blossom' and ls 'flower', but it is noted that they are probably unconnected and that ls is more likely to be related to la.s.s 'leaf', also used to mean 'petal'. (QL has la.s.s 'leaf', la.s.selanta 'the Fall, Autumn'.) See Lindelos.

Glorvent For the element Glor- see Laurelin.-GL had Glorben(d) 's.h.i.+p of gold', changed later to Glorvent 'boat of gold' benn 'shape, cut, fas.h.i.+on', benc, bent 'small boat'. QL has the root VENE 'shape, cut out, scoop', with derivatives veni, venw 'shape, cut' and ven 'small boat, vessel, dish'. Cf. the t.i.tle of the 'World-s.h.i.+p' drawing, I Vene Kemen (see p. 85), and the Sun's name iKalavent (Kalaven).

Golfinweg See Nlem, Finw.

Gondolin QL does not give this name, but ondo 'stone' appears under root ONO 'hard'. In GL Gondolin is said to="Qenya" Ondolin (changed to Ondolinda) 'singing stone'. There is also an entry gond 'great stone, rock' later this was changed to gonn, and a note added that Gondolin-Gonn Dolin, together with an entry dlin 'song'. See Lindelos.

Gong GL gives no other information beyond that cited on p. 245, note 10, but compares sithagong 'dragonfly' (sitha 'fly', Sithaloth or Sithaloctha ('fly-cl.u.s.ter'), the Pleiades).

Gonlath This is the name of the great rock on Taniquetil to which Fanuin's cable was tied (p. 219); the second element must therefore be Gnomish lath 'a year', which appears also in the rejected names for Fanuin, Lathos and Lathweg (p. 222). For Gon- see Gondolin.

Gwerlum This is given in GL with the translation 'Gloomweaver' gwer- 'wind, turn, bend', but also used in the sense of the root gwidh- 'plait, weave'. QL has a root GWERE 'whirl, twirl, twist', but the name Wirilm of the great Spider is placed under the root GWIDI, whence also windel 'loom', winda 'woof', wist 'weft'. The name of the great eddy Wiruin (p. 167), not in the dictionaries, must belong here. For the element- lm, -lum see Hisilm.

Haloisi Velik (On the 'World-s.h.i.+p' drawing, p. 84.) In QL haloisi 'the sea (in storm)' is given under a root HALA, with other derivatives haloit 'leaping', halta- 'to leap'.

To Qenya velik 'great' corresponds Gnomish beleg 'mighty, great' (as in Beleg the Bowman in the tale of Trin).

Helkar QL under root HELE has helk 'ice', helka 'ice-cold', hilkin 'it freezes', halkin 'frozen'. GL has helc, heleg 'ice', hel- 'freeze', heloth 'frost', etc., and helcor 'arctic cold, utter frost' this last was changed to read helchor 'antarctic cold, utter frost of the South (the pillar of the Southern Lamp). Q. Helkar.'

Helkaraks See Helkar; Helkaraks is not in either dictionary and the second element is obscure, unless it is to be connected with Q. aksa 'waterfall' (see Asgon).

Heskil The root HESE 'winter' in QL has derivatives Heskil 'winter one', Hesin 'winter', hessa 'dead, withered', hesta- 'wither'. In GL are Hess 'winter, especially as name of Fuil', and hesc 'withered, dead; chill'. For another name of Fui Nienna see Vailimo.

Hisildi See Hisilm.

Hisilm Under the root HISI QL gives hs, hist, 'dusk', Hisinan 'Land of Twilight'. For the translation of Hisilm as 'Shadowy Twilights' see p. 112.