Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume Ii Part 155

_Obs._ Galbanum plaster is stimulant and resolvent, and is much used in indolent, scrofulous, and other tumours, painful gouty and rheumatic joints, in rickets, &c.

=Plaster, Gaulthier's.= _Prep._ (Guibourt.) Palm plaster, 12 parts; olive oil and white wax, of each 1 part; melt, and add of Venice turpentine, 2 parts. More adhesive than the simple PALM PLASTER.

=Plaster of Gin'ger.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM ZINGIBERIS, L. See GINGER.

=Plaster, Gout.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM ANTARTHRITIc.u.m, L. See PLASTER OF GALBANUM, PITCH, &c.; PAPER, GOUT.

=Plaster of Gum.= See PLASTER OF GALBANUM.

=Plaster of Hem'lock.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM CONII, E. CICUTae, L. _Prep._ 1.

Wax, 1 part; Burgundy pitch, 9 parts; melt them together, and add of extract of hemlock, 3 parts.

2. (Ph. Bat.) Lead plaster and beeswax, of each 1 lb.; olive oil, 6 fl.

oz.; melt, and add of powdered hemlock (recent), 1 lb.

_Obs._ Hemlock plaster is occasionally used as an application to painful and malignant ulcers and tumours, painful joints, &c. A spread plaster of it, with 6 or 8 gr. of tartar emetic (in very fine powder) sprinkled over its surface, has been highly extolled as a counter-irritant in hooping-cough, phthisis, &c.

=Plaster of Hen'bane.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM HYOSCYAMI, L. _Prep._ As the last, but using henbane instead of hemlock. As an anodyne, in various external affections.

=Plaster of I'odide of Lead.= (Ph. B.) _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM PLUMBI IODIDI.

_Prep._ Add iodide of lead in fine powder, 1 oz.; to soap plaster and resin plaster, of each 4 oz., previously melted together. Mix thoroughly.

=Plaster of Iodide of Potas'sium.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM POTa.s.sII IODIDI (Ph.

L.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. L.) Iodide of pota.s.sium, 1 oz.; olive oil, 2 fl. dr.; triturate them together, then add, of strained frankincense (thus), 6 oz.; wax, 6 dr.; and stir constantly until the ma.s.s cools. "This plaster is to be spread on linen, rather than on leather." Used as a discutient or resolvent; more particularly as an application to scrofulous tumours and indurations.

=Plaster of I'odine.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM IODINII, L. _Prep._ Triturate iodine, 1 dr., in a warm mortar, with olive oil, 1 oz.; then add, of beeswax, 1 oz.; yellow resin, 1/2 oz.; previously melted together, and stir the whole until it concretes. It should be, preferably, spread at once on leather, and applied shortly after being prepared. Used as the last.

=Plaster of Iodine (Compound).= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM IODINII COMPOSITUM, L.

_Prep._ 1. Iodine, 1 dr.; iodide of pota.s.sium, 2 dr.; rub them to a fine powder, add this to lead powder, 2 oz.; Burgundy pitch, 1 oz.; previously melted together, and just about to concrete. More active than either of the preceding.

2. (EMP. IOD. c.u.m BELLADONNa.) To belladonna plaster, 2 oz., melted by a very gentle heat, add iodine and iodide of pota.s.sium (in fine powder), of each 1 dr.; and stir the mixture until nearly cold. Powerfully resolvent and anodyne. Used in the same cases as the preceding, when there is much pain.

=Plaster of I'ron.= See PLASTER OF OXIDE OF IRON.

=Plaster of I"singla.s.s.= See PLASTER, COURT.

=Plaster, Is'sue.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM AD FONTICULOS, SPARADRAPUM PRO FONTICULIS, L. _Prep._ 1. From beeswax, 1/2 lb.; Burgundy pitch and Chio turpentine, of each 4 oz.; vermilion and orris powder, of each 1 oz.; musk, 4 gr.; melted together and spread upon linen. This is afterwards polished with a smooth piece of gla.s.s moistened with water, and cut into pieces.

2. (Ph. Aust.) Yellow wax, 6 oz.; mutton suet, 2 oz.; lard, 1-1/2 oz.; melt, add of turpentine, 1-1/2 oz., and afterwards of red lead, 4 oz.; dip pieces of linen into the melted mixture, pa.s.s these between rollers, and, when cold, polish them, as before, and cut them into squares. The issue plaster (issue paper; charta ad fonticulos) of the Ph. Suecica is a nearly similar compound, with the addition of about 1-48th part of verdigris, in very fine powder, and being spread upon paper.

=Plaster, Kennedy's.= See PLASTERS, CORN.

=Plaster, Kirkland's.= See PLASTER, AMMONIACAL.

=Plaster of Lab'danum.= See PLASTER, CEPHALIC.

=Plaster of Lead.= _Syn._ LEAD PLASTER, LITHARGE P., COMMON P., DIACHYLON, SIMPLE DIACHYLON, WHITE D.; EMPLASTRUM PLUMBI (B. P., Ph. L.), E.

LYTHARGYRI (Ph. E. & D.), E. COMMUNE, DIACHYLON SIMPLEX, L. _Prep._ 1.

(Ph. L.) Oxide of lead (litharge), in very fine powder, 6 lbs.; olive oil, 1 gall.; water, 1 quart; boil them over a slow fire, constantly stirring to the consistence of a plaster, adding a little boiling water, if nearly the whole of that used in the beginning should be consumed before the end of the process.

2. (Ph. E.) Litharge, 5 oz.; olive oil, 12 fl. oz.; water, 8 fl. oz.; as the last.

3. (Ph. D.) Litharge, 5 lbs.; olive oil, 1 gall.; water, 1 quart.

4. (Otto Kohnke.) For each lb. of litharge employed, add 1/4 pint of colourless vinegar (each fl. oz. of which is capable of saturating 1/2 dr.

of carbonate of pota.s.sa); add the oil, boil until all moisture is evaporated, and until only a few striae of litharge rise to the surface, then remove the vessel from the heat, add gradually 1/3 to 1/2 as much vinegar as before, and boil the mixture to a proper consistence.

5. (Wholesale.) From Genoa oil, 7 galls. (or 65 lbs.); litharge (perfectly free from copper), 28 lbs.; water, 2-1/2 galls.; boil to a plaster, as before.

6. (B. P.) Oxide of lead, in very fine powder, 1; olive oil, 2-1/2; water, 1; boil all the ingredients together gently by the heat of a steam bath, and keep them simmering for 4 or 5 hours, stirring constantly until the product acquires the proper consistence for plaster, adding more water during the process, if necessary.

_Obs._ The London College orders too little oil. The second, fourth, and fifth formulae produce beautiful plasters, that keep well; those of the others, although very white, get hard and brittle much more rapidly. The proper proportion of oil is fully 2-1/3 times the weight of the litharge,--2-1/2 times appears the best quant.i.ty; and without this is used, the plaster speedily gets hard and non-adhesive. The process consists in putting the water and the litharge into a perfectly clean and well-polished tinned copper or copper-pan, mixing them well together with a spatula, adding the oil, and boiling, with constant stirring, until the plaster is sufficiently hard, when thoroughly cold. This process usually occupies from 4 to 5 hours, but by adopting the fourth formula an excellent plaster may be made in from 20 to 30 minutes. This plaster is generally cooled by immersion in cold water; and to render it very white, a quality highly prized in the trade, it is usual to submit it to laborious 'pulling,' in the manner already noticed.

_Use._ As a simple defensive plaster or strapping; but princ.i.p.ally as a basis for other plasters.

=Plaster, Liston's.= See PLASTER, COURT.

=Plaster, Mahy's.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM PLUMBI CARBONATIS, E. P. C.

COMPOSITUM, L. _Prep._ (Ph. U. S.) Carbonate of lead (pure white lead), 1 lb.; olive oil, 32 fl. oz.; water, q. s.; boil them together, constantly stirring until perfectly incorporated; then add, of yellow wax, 4 oz.; lead plaster, 1-1/2 lb.; and when these are melted, and the ma.s.s somewhat cooled, stir in of powdered orris root, 9 oz. A favourite application in the United States of America to inflamed and excoriated surfaces, bed sores, burns, &c.

=Plaster of Mel'ilot.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM MELILOTI, E. e MELILOTO, L.

_Prep._ 1. (Ph. E. 1744.) Fresh melilot, chopped small, 6 lbs.; suet, 3 lbs.; boil until crisp, strain with pressure, and add, of yellow resin, 8 lbs.; beeswax, 4 lbs., and boil to a plaster. Stimulant. Used to dress blisters, &c. The greater portion of this plaster in the shops is made without the herb, and is coloured with verdigris. (See the next formula.)

2. (Wholesale.) Take of yellow resin, 18 lbs.; green ointment, 4-1/2 lbs.; yellow wax, 3 lbs.; finely powdered verdigris, q. s. to give a deep-green colour.

=Plaster, Mercu"rial.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM MERCURIALE, E. HYDRARGYRI (B.

P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Add, gradually, of sulphur, 8 gr., to heated olive oil, 1 fl. dr., and stir the mixture constantly with a spatula until they unite; next add of mercury, 3 oz., and triturate until globules are no longer visible; lastly, gradually add of lead plaster (melted over a slow fire), 1 lb., and mix them all well together.

(About 1 fl. dr. of balsam of sulphur may be subst.i.tuted for the oil and sulphur ordered above.) These proportions are the same as those of the B.

P.

2. (Ph. E.) Resin, 1 oz.; olive oil, 9 fl. dr.; mix by heat, cool, add of mercury, 3 oz., and triturate until its globules disappear; then add of litharge plaster, 6 oz. (previously liquefied), and mix the whole thoroughly.

3. (Ph. D.) Oil of turpentine, 1 fl. oz.; resin, 2 oz.; dissolve, with the aid of heat; add of mercury, 6 oz.; triturate until the globules disappear, and the mixture a.s.sumes a dark grey colour, then add of litharge plaster (previously melted), 12 oz., and stir the whole until it stiffens on cooling.

4. (Wholesale.) Take of mercury, 7 lbs.; prepared serum, 1/2 lb.; triturate until the globules disappear, and add the mixture to lead plaster (melted by a gentle heat), 36 lbs.; stir them well together, and until they concrete. Very fine bluish-slate or lead colour.

_Obs._ Mercurial plaster is used as a discutient in glandular enlargements, and other swellings; and is also applied over the hepatic regions in liver complaints.

=Plaster, Mercurial, with Belladon'na.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM HYDRARGYRI c.u.m BELLADONNa, L. _Prep._ From mercurial plaster, 6 dr.; extract of belladonna, 2 dr.; olive oil, 1 dr.;mixed by a gentle heat. One of our most useful anodyne and discutient applications, in painful scirrhous, scrofulous, and syphilitic tumours. The Medico-Chirurgical Pharm. orders 1/2 fl. dr. of hydrocyanic acid to be added to every 2 oz. of the above.

=Plaster of Mezereon and Cantharides.= (Ph. G.) _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM MEZEREI CANTHARIDATUM. _Prep._ Cantharides in coa.r.s.e powder, 3 oz., mezereon cut and dried, 1 oz.; acetic ether, 10 oz. by weight. Macerate for 8 days, filter, and dissolve in the filtered liquid 175 gr. of sandarac, 87 gr. of eleme, 87 gr. of resin, which, spread on silk previously covered with the following solution; isingla.s.s, 2 oz.; distilled water, 20 oz.; rectified spirit, 5 oz. by weight.

=Plaster of Min'ium.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM MINII, E. e MINIO, E. PLUMBI OXYDI RUBRI, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1746.) Olive oil, 4 lbs.; minium (red lead), in fine powder, 2-1/2 lbs.; water, q. s.; proceed as for lead plaster (which it closely resembles).

_Obs._ To ensure a good colour and the quality of keeping well, the quant.i.ty of oil should be increased about 1-3rd. When discoloured by heat it forms the 'brown minium plaster' (emp. e minio fusc.u.m) of old pharmacy.

Lead plaster, either alone or with the addition of a little red lead, is usually sold for it.

=Plaster of Minium (Compound).= _Syn._ NUREMBERG PLASTER; EMPLASTRUM MINII COMPOSITUM, L.; EMPLaTRE DE NUREMBERG, Fr. _Prep._ (Soubeiran.) Red lead, 12 parts; olive oil, 8 parts; grind them together on a porphyry slab, and add the mixture to lead plaster, 50 parts, beeswax, 24 parts, melted together; lastly, when nearly cold, stir in of camphor, 1 part.