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[212] Caesar. Heisterbacens. Dial. Mirac. Dist. V. c. 25.--Muratori Antiq. Ital. Diss. LX. (T. XII. p. 447).
[213] D'Argentre, Coll. Judic. de novis Error. I. i. 86.--Reinerii Summa (Martene Thesaur. V. 1767).
[214] Matt. Paris. ann. 1236, p. 293; ann. 1243, pp. 412-13 (Ed.
1644)--Trithem. Chron. Hirsaug. ann. 1230.--Innoc. PP. III. Regest. XV.
189.--Hist. Diplom. Frid. II. T. IV. p. 881.
[215] Montet, Hist. litt. des Vaudois du Piemont, pp. 40-1.--Innoc. PP.
III. Regest. IX. 18, 19, 204; XII. 17; XIII. 63.--Kaltner, Konrad v.
Marburg, pp. 42, 44.--Annal. Marbacens. ann. 1231 (Urstisii Germ. Hist.
Scriptt. II. 90).
[216] Bohmer, Regest, Imp. V. 110.--Comba, La Riforma in Italia, I.
254-57.--Ejusd. Histoire des Vaudois d'Italie, I. 124 sqq., 140.--Charvaz, Origine dei Valdesi, App. No. XXII.
Giuseppe Manuel di S. Giovanni (Un' Episodia della Storia del Piemonte, Torino, 1874, pp. 15-21) argues that the letter of Otho IV. is only the draft of one which the bishop desired to procure, but the question is merely of archaeological interest, for in either case it was equally ineffective.
[217] Rescript. Heres. Lombard. (Preger, Beitrage, Munchen, 1875, pp.
56-63).--Reinerii Summa (Martene Thesaur. V. 1775).
[218] Campi, Dell' Historia Ecclesiastica di Piacenza, P. II.. pp. 92 sqq.--Innoc. PP. III. Regest. IX. 131, 166-9; X. 54, 64, 222.--Tocco, L'Heresia nel Medio Evo, pp. 364, 366 (Firenze, 1884).--Cf.
Pseudo-Joachim de septem temporibus Ecclesiae P. V.
[219] Epistt. Saecul. XIII. T. I. No. 451 (Mon. Hist. Germ.).--Potthast No. 7672.
[220] Epistt. Saec. XIII. T. I. No. 264-66, 275, 295 (Mon. Hist.
Germ.).--Havet, Bibl. de l'ecole des Chartes, 1880, p. 602.
[221] Epistt. Saec. XIII. T. I. No. 355.
[222] Raynald. Annal. ann. 1231, No. 13-18.--Const.i.t. Sicular. Lilt. I.
t.i.t. i.--Rich. S. Germ. Chron. (Muratori, S. R. I. VII. 1026).--Vit.
Gregor. PP. IX. (Ib. III. 578).--Hist. Diplom. Frid. II. T. IV. pp.
299-300, 409-11.--Verri, Storia di Milano, I. 242.--Bern. Corio, Hist.
Milanese, ann. 1228.
[223] Ripoll. 41.
[224] Epistt. Saec. XIII. T. I. No. 559.--Raynald. ann. 1233, No.
40.--Ripoll I. 69, 71.
Probably about this period may have occurred the incident related of Moneta, the disciple of St. Dominic, whose efforts against the heretics of Lombardy are said to have aroused their animosity to the point that a n.o.ble named Peraldo hired an a.s.sa.s.sin to despatch him. Word was brought to Moneta, who seized a crucifix and a.s.sembled a band of the faithful, with whom he captured Peraldo and the bravo, delivered them to the secular authorities, and they were both burned alive.--Ricchini Vit.
Monetae, p. viii.
[225] Ripoll I. 48, 56-9.--Matt. Paris, ann. 1238, p. 320.--Chron.
Veronens. ann. 1233 (Muratori, S.R.I. VIII. 67).--Gerardi Maurisii Hist.
(Ib. pp. 37-9).--Barbarano de' Mironi, Hist. Eccles. di Vicenza, II.
79-84.
[226] Barbarano de' Mironi, op. cit. II. 90-1.
[227] Ripoll I. 60-1--Barbarano de' Mironi op. cit. II. 86, 91-2.
[228] Greg. PP. IX. Bull. _Ille humani generis_, 20 Maii, 1230 (Ripoll I. 95. gives this in 1237, probably a reissue).--Epistt. Saecul. XIII. T.
I. No. 693, 700, 702, 704.--Hist. Diplom. Frid. II. T. IV. P. II. pp.
907-8.--Schmidt, Cathares, I. 161.
[229] Ripoll I. 174-5.--Barbarano de' Mironi, op. cit. II. 94-6.
[230] Jac. de Voragine Legenda Aurea s. V.--Mag. Bull. Rom. I. 94.
[231] Campana, Storia di San Piero-Martire, Milano, 1741, pp. 28-39.
[232] Bern. Corio, Hist. Milanese, ann. 1233, 1242.--Verri, Storia di Milano, I. 241-3.--Ripoll I. 65.--Annal. Mediolanens. c. xiv. (Muratori, S.R.I. XVI. 651).--Sarpi, Discorso (Ed. Helmstad. 1763, IV. 21).
[233] Lami, Antichita Toscane, pp. 497, 500.
[234] Ripoll I. 79-80.--Raynald. ann. 1235, No. 15.--Vit. Gregor. PP.
IX. (Muratori, S.R.I. III. 581).--Lami op. cit. pp. 554, 557.
[235] Lami, op. cit. pp. 560-85.--Lami's account of these troubles, based upon original sources, is so complete that I have followed it without reference to other authorities. Most of the doc.u.ments are still in the Archives of Florence (Archiv. Diplom., Prov. S. Maria Novella, ann. 1245).
The Compagnia della Fede, known subsequently as del Bigallo, was changed in the middle of the fifteenth century, by Sant' Antonino, Prior of San Marco, into a charitable a.s.sociation for the care of orphans (Villari, Storia di Girol. Savonarola, Firenze, 1887, I. 37).
[236] Ripoll I. 192-3, 199, 205, 208-14, 231.--Berger, Registres d'Innoc. IV. No. 5065, 5345.--Mag. Bull. Rom. I. 91.
[237] Campana, Vita di San Piero-Martire, pp. 100-1.
[238] Bern. Corio, Hist. Milanese, ann. 1252.--Gualvaneo Flamma c. 286 (Muratori, S. R. I. XI. 684).--Ripoll I. 224, 244, 389.--Campana, Vita di San Piero Martire, pp. 118-20, 125, 128-9, 132-33.--Annal.
Mediolanens. c. 24 (Muratori, XVI. 656).--Tamburini, Storia dell'
Inquisizione, I. 492-502.--Wadding Annal. ann. 1284, No. 3.--Rodulphii Hist. Seraph. Relig. Lib. I. fol. 126.--Raynald. Annal. ann. 1403, No.
24.
There is a Daniele da Giussano who appears as inquisitor in Lombardy in 1279 (Ripoll I. 567), and who may very probably be the same as the accomplice in the murder.
[239] Ripoll I. 212.--Campana, op. cit. 126, 149, 151, 257, 259, 262-3.--Jac. de Vorag. Legenda Aurea s. v.--Mag. Bull. Roman. I.
94.--Wadding Annal. ann. 1291, No. 24.--Juan de Mata, Santoral de los dos Santos, Barcelona, 1637, fol. 28.--Gualvaneo Flamma, Opusc.
(Muratori, S. R. I. XII. 1035).
Fra Tommaso's disgrace was not perpetual. We shall meet him hereafter as inquisitor, alternately protecting and persecuting the Spiritual Franciscans. If the accounts of the latter be true, his death in 1306 was a visitation of G.o.d for the frightful cruelties inflicted upon them (Hist. Tribulationum, _ap_. Archiv fur Litteratur-und Kirchengeschichte, 1886, p. 326).
The question of the Stigmata was always a burning one between the two Orders. The Dominicans at first refused to accept the miracle until forced to submit by energetic papal measures (Chron. Gla.s.sberger ann.
1237--a.n.a.lecta Franciscana II. 58, Quaracchi, 1887), and when at length they claimed the same honor for St. Catharine of Siena the Franciscans were equally incredulous. In 1473, at Trapani, the two Orders preached against each other on this subject with so much violence as to raise great disorders between their respective partisans among the laity, until the Viceroy of Sicily was obliged to interfere (La Mantia, L'Inquisizione in Sicilia, Torino, 1886, p. 17); and, as already mentioned, Sixtus IV., in 1475, prohibited the ascription of the Stigmata to St. Catharine.
[240] Ripoll VIII. 113.--Chron. Parmens. ann. 1286 (Muratori, S.R.I. IX.
810).--Campana, op. cit. p. 63.--Bernardi Comens. Lucerna Inquis. s. VV.
_Bona hreticor_. No. 6, _Crucesignati. Indulgentia._
[241] Ripoll I. 144, 168.--Campi, Dell' Hist. Eccles. di Piacenza, P.
