Lectures on The Science of Language - BestLightNovel.com
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The High-German Branch consists of the dead languages Middle High-German Old High-German, and the living language of Germany.
The Low-German Branch consists of the dead languages Gothic, Anglo-Saxon, Old Dutch, Old Friesian, and Old Saxon, and the living languages of England, Holland, Friesland, and North of Germany (Platt-Deutsch).
The Scandinavian Branch consists of the dead language Old Norse, and the living languages of Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Iceland.
No. 2. Genealogical Table of the Semitic Family of Languages.
The Semitic Family Family consists of three Cla.s.ses: the Arabic or Southern, the Hebraic or Middle, and the Aramaic or Northern.
The Arabic or Southern Cla.s.s consists of the dead languages Ethiopic and the Himyaritic Inscriptions, and the living languages of Arabic and Amharic.
The Hebraic or Middle Cla.s.s consists of the dead languages Biblical Hebrew, the Samaritan Pentateuch (third century, A. D.), the Carthaginian, Phnician Inscriptions, and the living language of the Jews.
The Aramaic or Northern Cla.s.s consists of the dead languages Chaldee (Masora, Talmud, Targum, Biblical Chaldee), Syriac (Pes.h.i.+to, second cent.
A. D.), Cuneiform Inscriptions of Babylon and Nineveh, and the living language Neo-Syriac.
No. 3. Genealogical Table of the Turanian Family of Languages, Northern Division.
The Northern Division of the Turanian Family consists of five Cla.s.ses: the Tungusic, Mongolic, Turkic, Samoyedic, and Finnic (Uralic).
The Tungusic Cla.s.s consists of two Branches: Western and Eastern.
The Western Branch consists of the languages of the Chapogires (Upper Tunguska), Orotongs (Lower Tunguska), and the People of Nyertchinsk.
The Eastern Branch consists of the languages of the Lamutes (Coast of O'hotsk) and Mandshu (China).
The Mongolic Cla.s.s consists of three Branches: Eastern or Mongols Proper, Western Mongols, and Northern Mongols.
The Eastern or Mongols Proper Cla.s.s consists of the languages of the Sharra-Mongols (South of Gobi), Khalkhas (North of Gobi), and Sharaigol (Tibet and Tangut).
The Western Mongols Cla.s.s consists of the languages of the Chosot (Kokonur), Dsungur, TorG.o.d, Durbet, Aimaks (tribes of Persia), and Sokpas (Tibet).
The Northern Mongols Cla.s.s consists of the language of the Buritas (Lake Baikal).
The Turkic Cla.s.s consists of three Branches: Chagatic, S. E., Turkic, N., and Turkic, W.
The Chagatic Branch consists of the languages of the Uigurs, Komans, Chagatais, Usbeks, Turkomans, and People of Kasan.
The N. Turkic Branch consists of the languages of the Kirgis, Bashkirs, Nogais, k.u.mians, Karachais, Karakalpaks, Meshcheryaks, People of Siberia, and Yakuts.
The W. Turkic Branch consists of the languages of the People of Derbend, Aderbijan, Krimea, Anatolia, and Rumelia.
The Samoyedic Cla.s.s consists of two Branches: Northern and Eastern.
The Northern Branch consists of the languages of the Yurazes, Tawgi, and Yenisei.
The Eastern Branch consists of the languages of the Ostiako-Samoyedes, and the Kamas.
The Finnic (Uralic) Cla.s.s consists of four Branches: Ugric, Bulgaric, Permic, and Chudic.
The Ugric Branch consists of the languages of the Hungarians, Voguls, and Ugro-Ostiakes.
The Bulgaric Branch consists of the languages of the Tcheremissians and Mordvins.
The Permic Branch consists of the languages of the Permians, Sirianes, and Votiaks.
The Chudic Branch consists of the languages of the Lapps, Finns, and Esths.
No. 4. Genealogical Table of the Turanian Family of Languages, Southern Division.
The Southern Division of the Turanian Family consists of six Cla.s.ses: the Tac, Malaic, Gangetic, Lohitic, Munda (See Turanian Languages, p. 175), and Tamulic.
The Tac Cla.s.s consists of the languages of Ahom, Laos, Khamti, and Shan (Tena.s.serim).
The Malaic Cla.s.s consists of the languages of the Malay and Polynesian Islands. (See Humboldt, Kavi Sprache.)
The Gangetic Cla.s.s consists of two Branches: the Trans-Himalayan, and the Sub-Himalayan.
The Trans-Himalayan Branch consists of the languages Tibetan, Horpa (N.W.
Tibet, Bucharia), Thochu-Sifan (N.E. Tibet, China), Gyarung-Sifan (N.E.
Tibet, China), Manyak-Sifan (N.E. Tibet, China), and Takpa (West of Kwombo).
The Sub-Himalayan Branch consists of the languages Kenaveri (Setlej basin), Sarpa (West of Gandakean basin), Sunwar (Gandakean basin), Gurung (Gandakean basin), Magar (Gandakean basin), Newar (between Gandakean and Kosean basins), Murmi (between Gandakean and Kosean basins), Limbu (Kosean basin), Kiranti (Kosean basin), Lepcha (Tishtean basin), Bhutanese (Manasean basin), and Chepang (Nepal-Terai).
The Lohitic Cla.s.s consists of the languages of Burmese (Burmah and Arakan), Dhimal (between Konki and Dhorla), Kachari-Bodo (Migrat. 80 to 93-1/2, and 25 to 27), Garo (90-91 E. long.; 25-26 N. lat.), Changlo (91-92 E. long.), Mikir (Nowgong), Dophla (92 50'-97 N. lat.), Miri (94-97 E. long.?), Abor-Miri, Abor (97-99 E. long.), Sibsagor-Miri, Singpho (27-28 N. lat.), Naga tribes (93-97 E. long.; 23 N. lat.) (Mithan) E. of Sibsagor, Naga tribes (Namsang), Naga tribes (Nowgong), Naga tribes (Tengsa), Naga tribes (Tablung N. of Sibsagor), Naga tribes (Khau, Jorhat), Naga tribes (Angami, South), Kuki (N.E. of Chittagong), Khyeng (Shyu) (19-21 N. lat. Arakan), Kami (Kuladan R.
Arakan), k.u.mi (Kuladan R. Arakan), Shendus (22-23 and 93-94), Mru (Arakan, Chittagong), Sak (Nauf River, East), and Tungihu (Tena.s.serim).
The Munda Cla.s.s consists of the languages Ho (Kolehan), Sinhbhum Kol (Chyebossa), Sontal (Chyebossa), Bhumij (Chyebossa), Mundala (Chota Nagpur), and Canarese.
The Tamulic Cla.s.s consists of the languages Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Gond, Brahvi, Tuluva, Toduva, and Uraon-kol.
