Benjamin Franklin Part 22

Sonneck, O. G. "Benjamin Franklin's Relation to Music," _Music_, XIX, 1-14 (Nov., 1900).

Steell, Willis. _Benjamin Franklin of Paris, 1776-1785._ New York: 1928.

(An undoc.u.mented, partly imaginative, popular account.)

Stifler, J. M. _The Religion of Benjamin Franklin._ New York: 1925.

(Popular survey. Warm appreciation of Franklin's _penchant_ for projects of a humanitarian sort.)

Stuber, Henry. "Life of Franklin" [a biography meant as a continuation of Franklin's _Autobiography_], in _Columbian Magazine and Universal Asylum_, May, July, September, October, November, 1790, and February, March, May, June, 1791.

*Thorpe, F. N., ed. _Benjamin Franklin and the University of Pennsylvania._ U. S. Bureau of Education, Circular of Information, No.

2 (1892). Was.h.i.+ngton: 1893. (See especially chapters I, II, written by Thorpe, which deal particularly with Franklin's ideas of self and formal education.)

t.i.tus, Rev. Anson. "Boston When Ben Franklin Was a Boy," _Proceedings of the Bostonian Society_, pp. 55-72 (1906). (Brief suggestive view of the climate of opinion with regard to inoculation, Newtonianism, and Lockian sensationalism.)

Trent, W. P. "Benjamin Franklin," _McClure's Magazine_, VIII, 273-7 (Jan., 1897). ("The most complete representative of his century that any nation can point to." Franklin "thoroughly represents his age in its practicality, in its devotion to science, in its intellectual curiosity, in its humanitarianism, in its lack of spirituality, in its calm self-content--in short, in its exaltation of prose and reason over poetry and faith." An enthusiastic and wise account.)

Trowbridge, John. "Franklin as a Scientist," _Publications of the Colonial Society of Ma.s.sachusetts_, XVIII (1917). (Excellent appreciation of Franklin's capacity for inductive reasoning.)

Tuckerman, H. T. "Character of Franklin," _North American Review_, Lx.x.xIII, 402-22 (Oct., 1856). (Praises disinterestedness of Franklin as a scientist, as "one whom Bacon would have hailed as a disciple,"

although he "is not adapted to beguile us 'along the line of infinite desires.'")

Tudury, M. "Poor Richard," _Bookman_, LXIV, 581-4 (Jan., 1927). (Popular glance at "cynical patriarch of American letters.")

_Typothetae Bulletin_, XXII, No. 15 (Jan. 11, 1926). (Issue devoted to the printer Franklin.)

Vicq d'Azyr, Felix. _eloge de Franklin._ N.p.: 1791.

Victory, Beatrice M. _Benjamin Franklin and Germany._ Americana Germanica series, No. 21. Press of the University of Pennsylvania: 1915. (Sources reflecting Franklin's reputation in Germany of particular interest.)

Walsh, C. M. "Franklin and Plato," _Open Court_, XX, 129-33 (March, 1906). (An attempt to interpret his _Articles of Belief_, 1728, in terms of the _Timaeus_, _Protagoras_, _Republic_, and _Euthyphro_.)

Webster, Noah. _Dissertations on the English Language: With Notes, Historical and Critical. To which is added, By Way of Appendix, an Essay on a Reformed Mode of Spelling, with Dr. Franklins Arguments on that Subject._ Boston: 1789. (Notable remarks on Franklin's perspicuous and correct style which is "plain and elegantly neat": he "writes for the child as well as the philosopher.")

Wendell, Barrett. _A Literary History of America._ New York: 1900.

(Franklin estimate, pp. 92-103.)

Wetzel, W. A. _Benjamin Franklin as an Economist._ Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Thirteenth Series, IX, 421-76. Baltimore: 1895. (Useful summary, but superseded by Carey's _Franklin's Economic Views_.)

Wharton, A. H. "The American Philosophical Society," _Atlantic Monthly_, LXI, 611-24 (May, 1888).

Bibliographical suggestions relating to Franklin's American friends and contemporaries will be found following the brief but scholarly studies in the _Dictionary of American Biography_. Of these see especially John Adams (also G. Chinard, _Honest John Adams_, Boston, 1933); Samuel Adams; Ethan Allen; Nathaniel Ames; Joel Barlow (also V. C. Miller, _Joel Barlow: Revolutionist, London, 1791-92_, Hamburg, 1932, and T. A.

Zunder, _Early Days of Joel Barlow_, New Haven, 1934); John Bartram; William Bartram (also N. f.a.gin, _William Bartram_, Baltimore, 1933); Hugh H. Brackenridge (also C. Newlin, _Brackenridge_, Princeton, 1933); Cadwallader Colden; John d.i.c.kinson; Philip Freneau; Francis Hopkinson; T. Jefferson; Cotton Mather; Jonathan Mayhew; Thomas Paine; David Rittenhouse; Dr. Benjamin Rush (also N. Goodman, _Rush_, Philadelphia, 1934); Rev. William Smith; Ezra Stiles; John Trumbull; Noah Webster.

V. THE AGE OF FRANKLIN

Adams, J. T. _Provincial Society, 1690-1763._ (Volume III of _A History of American Life_, ed. Fox and Schlesinger.) New York: 1927.

(Contains useful "Critical Essay on Authorities" consulted, pp.

324-56, which serves as a guide for further study of many phases of the social history of the period.)

Adams, R. G. _Political Ideas of the American Revolution._ Durham, N.

C.: 1922.

Andrews, C. M. _The Colonial Background of the American Revolution._ New Haven: 1924. (Stresses economic factors and the need of viewing the subject from the European angle; profitably used as companion study to Beer's _British Colonial Policy_.)

Baldwin, Alice M. _The New England Clergy and the American Revolution._ Durham, N. C.: 1928. (Prior to 1763 the clergy popularized "doctrines of natural right, the social contract, and the right of resistance"

and principles of American const.i.tutional law.)

Beard, C. A. _The Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy._ New York: 1915. (Suggestive, if _other_ factors are not neglected. See C. H.

Hull's review in _American Historical Review_, XXII, 401-3.)

Becker, Carl. _The Declaration of Independence; A Study in the History of Political Ideas._ New York: 1922. (Excellent survey of natural rights, and the extent to which this concept was influenced by Newtonianism.)

Becker, Carl. _The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-Century Philosophers._ New Haven: 1932. (R. S. Crane observes, after calling attention to certain obscurities and confusions: "The description of the general temper of the 'philosophers,' the characterization of the princ.i.p.al eighteenth-century historians, much at least of the final chapter on the idea of progress--these can be read with general approval for their content and with a satisfaction in Becker's prose style that is unalloyed by considerations of exegesis or terminology"

[_Philological Quarterly_, XIII, 104-6].)

Beer, George L. _British Colonial Policy, 1754-1765._ New York: 1933 [1907].

Bemis, S. F. _The Diplomacy of the American Revolution._ New York; 1935.

(Brilliant exposition of French, Spanish, Austrian, and other diplomacy relative to the Revolution. Should be supplemented by Frank Monaghan's _John Jay_.)

Bloch, Leon. _La philosophie de Newton._ Paris: 1908. (A comprehensive, standard exposition.)

Bosker, Aisso. _Literary Criticism in the Age of Johnson._ Groningen: 1930. (Reviewed by N. Foerster in _Philological Quarterly_, XI, 216-7.)

Brasch, F. E. "The Royal Society of London and Its Influence upon Scientific Thought in the American Colonies," _Scientific Monthly_, x.x.xIII, 336-55, 448-69 (1931). (Useful survey.)

Brinton, Crane. _A Decade of Revolutions, 1789-1799._ New York: 1934.

(Useful on the pattern of ideas a.s.sociated with the French Revolution; has a full and up-to-date "Bibliographical Essay," pp. 293-322, with critical commentary.)

Bullock, C. J. _Essays on the Monetary History of the United States._ New York: 1900. (Useful bibliography, pp. 275-88.)

Burnett, E. C., ed. _Letters of Members of the Continental Congress._ Was.h.i.+ngton, D. C.: 1921. (Seven volumes now published include letters to 1784. Contain a ma.s.s of new material of first importance, edited with notes, cross-references, and introductions.)

Burtt, E. A. _The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Physical Science; A Historical and Critical Essay._ New York: 1925.

Bury, J. B. _The Idea of Progress._ New York: 1932 (new edition).

(Standard English work on the topic. See also Jules Delvaille, _Essai sur l'histoire de l'idee de progres_ [Paris, 1910], a more encyclopedic book.)

Channing, Edward. _A History of the United States._ New York: 1912.

(Volumes II-III.)

Clark, H. H. "Factors to be Investigated in American Literary History from 1787 to 1800," _English Journal_, XXIII, 481-7 (June, 1934).

(Suggests the genetic interrelations of cla.s.sical ideas; neocla.s.sicism; the scientific spirit, rationalism, and deism; primitivism and the idea of progress; physical America and the frontier spirit; agrarianism and laissez faire; Federalism versus Democracy, whether Jeffersonian or French; sentimentalism and humanitarianism; Gothicism; and conflicting currents of aesthetic theory.)

Clark, H. H., ed. _Poems of Freneau._ New York: 1929. (F. L. Pattee says of the Introduction, "No one has ever traced out better the ramifications of French Revolution deism in America and the effects of its clash with Puritanism" [_American Literature_, II, 316-7]. Also see Clark's "Thomas Paine's Theories of Rhetoric," _Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters_, XXVIII, 307-39 [1933], which discusses relations.h.i.+ps between deism and literary theory.)

Clark, J. M., Viner, J., and others. _Adam Smith, 1776-1926._ Chicago: 1928. (Brilliant essays on various aspects of Smith's thought and influence. See especially Jacob Viner's "Adam Smith and Laissez-Faire," pp. 116-55, which shows the relations in Smith's mind between economics and religion, between laissez faire and "the harmonious order of nature" posited by the scientific deists.)