Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 17

White, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter, acid taste.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.), in solution or capsules.

_Caffeina Citrata Effervescens (Caff. Cit. Eff.), Effervescent Citrated Caffeine, U.S.P._--Contains anhydrous caffeine (about 2%), with sodium tartrate and citrate.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.) in water.

=*Caffeinae Sodio-Benzoas (Caff. Sod. Benz.), Caffeine Sodio-Benzoate, U.S.P.=--Caffeine and sodium benzoate about equal parts.

White, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and soluble in alcohol (1:30); partly soluble in chloroform.

ACTION AND USES: The form of caffeine usually employed for hypodermic administration, since it is freely soluble.

DOSAGE: By mouth, 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.); hypodermic, 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).

=Caffeinae Sodio-Salicylas (Caff. Sod. Salicyl.), Caffeine Sodio-Salicylate, N.F.=--Represents equal parts of caffeine and sodium salicylate.

White, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water (1:2).

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.)

=Calamina Praeparata (Calamin. Praep.), Prepared Calamine, N.F.= (Lapis Calaminaris).--Native zinc carbonate.

A pink powder. Insoluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Protective, similar to zinc oxide, over which it has no therapeutic advantage; has the cosmetic advantage of being slightly pink.

_Unguentum Calaminae (Ung. Calamin.), Calamine Ointment, N.F._, (Unguentum Zinci Carbonatis Crudi, Unguentum Calaminare, Turner's Cerate).--Prepared calamine (17%) in ointment.

=Calcii Bromidum (Calc. Brom.), Calcium Bromide, U.S.P.=--Hydrated calcium bromide (not less than 84 per cent. of CaBr{2}).

A white, odorless, deliquescent powder, with a sharp, saline taste.

Very soluble in water (1:0.7) and in alcohol (1:1.3). Incompatible with alkali carbonates and phosphates.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but more irritant than sodium bromide, over which it has ordinarily no advantage, although the calcium perhaps increases the sedative action.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains, preferably administered in aqueous solutions, being too deliquescent for use in powder or cachets.

_Elixir Calcii Bromidi (Elix. Calc. Brom.), Elixir of Calcium Bromide, N.F._--Calcium bromide (8.5%) diluted hydrobromic acid (0.4%), syrup, distilled water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Calcii Carbonas Praecipitatus (Calc. Carb. Praec.), Precipitated Calcium Carbonate, U.S.P.= (Precipitated Chalk).--CaCO{3}.

A fine, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Decomposed by acids with evolution of carbon dioxide.

ACTION AND USES: Chiefly used as a basis for tooth powder. Internally, employed as an antacid in diarrheas, etc.; externally in mixtures with cream or oil, has been used as an application to burns as an antacid and protective.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.), as powder or in suspension

=*Calcii Chloridum (Calc. Chlor.), Calcium Chloride, U.S.P.=--Hydrated calcium chloride (not less than 75 per cent. of CaCl{2}).

White, hard, deliquescent, odorless ma.s.ses or granules, with a sharp, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.62), and freely soluble in alcohol (1:10).

ACTION AND USES: Used for the oral administration of calcium. Employed in hemorrhagic conditions, in which it is probably useless. Has also been advised in inflammatory conditions of the skin and mucous membranes (urticaria, serum-rashes, hay-fever, etc.).

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

=Calcii Glycerophosphas (Calc. Glycerophos.), Calcium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P.= (Calcium Glycerinophosphate).--CaC{3}H{7}O{6}P.

White, odorless, almost tasteless powder. Soluble in water (1:50) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly believed to be a tonic, and used especially in neurasthenia, to improve the nutrition of the nervous system. There is no reliable evidence that it has any value.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

_Elixir Calcii et Sodii Glycerophosphatum (Elix. Calc. et Sod.

Glycerophos.), Elixir of Calcium and Sodium Glycerophosphates, N.F._ (Elixir Glycerophosphatum N.F. III).--Solution of sodium glycerophosphate (2.5%), calcium glycerophosphate (0.875%), phosphoric acid (0.8%), in glycerin, aromatic elixir and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.

USES: An irrational and inefficient "tonic" mixture.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Calcii Hypophosphis (Calc. Hypophos.), Calcium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.=--Ca(PH{2}O{2}){2}.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a nauseous, bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:6.5) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: The hypophosphites were introduced as of special value in tuberculosis; later they were used as general reconstructive tonics, but there is no experimental or reliable clinical evidence that the hypophosphite radical has any value as such. Calcium hypophosphite must be regarded merely as a means of administering calcium.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) in syrups.

_Elixir Calcii Hypophosphitis (Elix. Calc. Hypophos.), Elixir of Calcium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%) in aromatic elixir.

Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Hypophosphitum (Elix. Hypophos.), Elixir of Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (5.25%), sodium hypophosphite and pota.s.sium hypophosphite (each 1.75%) in water, glycerin, compound spirit of cardamom and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri._--See under =Ferri Hypophosphis=.