Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 80

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.55) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2).

ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of pota.s.sium iodide, but less disagreeable in taste; perhaps somewhat less irritating locally.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Nitris (Sod. Nitris), Sodium Nitrite, U.S.P.=--NaNO{2}.

Colorless crystals or white or nearly white ma.s.ses, sticks or powder, odorless and having a mild saline taste. Deliquescent on exposure to air, being gradually converted into sodium nitrate.

Freely soluble in water (1:1.5), but only sparingly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Vasodilator, similar to nitroglycerin.

The action is probably somewhat slower and more prolonged.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Perboras (Sod. Perbor.), Sodium Perborate, U.S.P.=--NaBO{3} + 4H{2}O (about 86.5%). Should contain not less than 9 per cent. of available oxygen.

White, odorless granules or powder, having a saline taste. Soluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic, deodorant and bactericide; in general, similar to hydrogen peroxide.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.); may be applied as a dusting powder or in a 2 per cent. solution.

=Sodii Phenolsulphonas (Sod. Phenolsulph.), Sodium Phenolsulphonate, U.S.P.= (Sodium Sulphocarbolate).--The hydrated salt.

Colorless, odorless, somewhat efflorescent crystals or granules, having a cooling, saline bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:4.2), and only slightly soluble in alcohol (1:140).

ACTION AND USES: Phenolsulphonates were introduced with the idea that they would be antiseptic like phenol, but less toxic. Actually, they are practically inert.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Phosphas (Sod. Phos.), Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P.=--Na{2}HPO{4} + 12H{2}O, representing about 41.5 per cent. of the anhydrous salt.

Colorless, odorless, efflorescent crystals or powder, having a cooling, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.7); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Saline cathartic, similar to magnesium and sodium sulphate. The taste is less disagreeable.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Sodii Phosphas Exsiccatus (Sod. Phos. Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P._--Na{2}HPO{4}.

White powder which absorbs moisture readily. Freely soluble in water (1:8.1), but insoluble in alcohol.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Phosphatis Compositus (Liq. Sod. Phos. Co.), Compound Solution of Sodium Phosphate, N.F._--Sodium phosphate (100%) and citric acid in glycerin and water.

USES: Laxative.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_*Sodii Phosphas Effervescens (Sod. Phos. Eff.), Effervescent Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P._--Exsiccated sodium phosphate (20%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (47.7%), tartaric acid (25.2%) and citric acid, the last three yielding sodium citrate and sodium tartrate.

DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Salicylas (Sod. Salicyl.), Sodium Salicylate, U.S.P.=--C{6}H{4}(OH) (c.o.o.na).

White or nearly white, odorless or nearly odorless powder having a sweet, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:9.2). Incompatible with acids, with acid salts and with solutions of many of the alkaloids, particularly quinine, which precipitates as the salicylate.

ACTION AND USES: The salt usually employed to secure the const.i.tutional action of salicylic acid.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Salicylatis (Elix. Sod. Salicyl.), Elixir of Sodium Salicylate, N.F._--Sodium salicylate (8.5%), syrup, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Sodii Salicylatis Compositum (Elix. Sod. Salicyl. Co.), Compound Elixir of Sodium Salicylate, N.F._--Sodium salicylate (8%), fluidextract of cimifuga (3.2%), fluidextract of gelsemium (1.6%) and pota.s.sium iodide (1.5%) in aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

USES: An irrational rheumatism mixture, const.i.tuting an invitation to haphazard use.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Liquor Ferri Salicylatis (Liq. Ferr. Salicyl.), Solution of Ferric Salicylate, N.F._ (Salicylated Mixture of Iron).--Solution containing ferric salicylate with a large excess of sodium salicylate [obtained by the interaction of sodium salicylate (12.5%) and tincture of ferric citrochloride (12.5%)], and ammonium citrate, methyl salicylate, glycerin and water.

USES: "Rheumatism remedy." Ferric salicylate has no special advantage over the sodium salt.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=*Sodii Sulphas (Sod. Sulph.), Sodium Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Glauber's Salt).--Na{2}SO{4} + 10H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless, efflorescent crystals, having a bitter, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1), but insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Saline cathartic, more disagreeable but less active than magnesium sulphate, over which it has no material advantage.

DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).

_Sal Carolinum Fact.i.tium (Sal Carol. Fact.), Artificial Carlsbad Salt, N.F._--This is available in two forms, the dry amorphous form and the crystalline form, the latter representing about 80 per cent. of water of crystallization. The dry amorphous form represents pota.s.sium sulphate (2%), sodium chloride (18%), sodium bicarbonate (36%) and hydrated sodium sulphate (100%).

USES: Alkaline cathartic.