Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 79

ACTION AND USES: Used for preparing physiologic salt solution. Given by mouth in large doses, is emetic and in proper dilutions, laxative. Excessive use as a seasoning for foods is particularly harmful in nephritis.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Chloridi Physiologicus (Liq. Sod. Chlor. Physio.), Physiological Solution of Sodium Chloride, U.S.P._ (Physiological Salt Solution, Normal Salt Solution).--Sodium chloride (0.85%) in water.

USES: An indifferent vehicle, used especially for intravenous injections.

_Sal Kissingense Fact.i.tium (Sal Kissingen. Fact.), Artificial Kissingen Salt, N.F._--Pota.s.sium chloride (2.8%), sodium chloride (59.4%), magnesium sulphate (20%), sodium bicarbonate (17.8%).

USES: Alkaline saline cathartic.

_Sal Kissingense Fact.i.tium Effervescens (Sal Kissingen. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Kissingen Salt, N.F. _(Pulvis Salis Kissingensis Fact.i.tii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial Kissingen salt (40%), sodium bicarbonate (40.6%), tartaric acid (9.4%) and citric acid (yielding sodium tartrate and citrate).

DOSAGE: 5.5 Gm. or 80 grains (N.F.)

=Sodii Citras (Sod. Cit.), Sodium Citrate, U.S.P.=--The hydrated salt.

White, odorless granular powder or small crystals, having a cooling saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.3); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of pota.s.sium citrate.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.

_Liquor Sodii Citratis (Liq. Sod. Cit.), Solution of Sodium Citrate, N.F._ (Mistura Sodii Citratis, Potio Rivierii).--Sodium citrate (3.5%) in water.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Sodii Citro-Tartratis Effervescens (Liq. Sod. Citro-Tart. Eff.), Effervescent Solution of Sodium Citro-Tartrate, N.F._--Sodium tartrate (about 8%) with syrup of citric acid (about 12%) and water.

DOSAGE: The contents of one bottle, about 350 Cc. or nearly 12 fluidounces (N.F.)

=Sodii Cyanidum (Sod. Cyanid.), Sodium Cyanide, U.S.P.=--NaCN.

White ma.s.ses or powder, odorless when perfectly dry; deliquescent in the air and exhaling the odor of hydrocyanic acid. Freely soluble in cold water.

ACTION AND USES: Sodium cyanide replaces pota.s.sium cyanide, U.S.P. VIII. The alkaline cyanides are rarely administered internally, but their use in solution has been suggested as a subst.i.tute for diluted hydrocyanic acid

=Sodii Glycerophosphas (Sod. Glycerophos.), Sodium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P.= (Sodium Glycerinophosphate).--Hydrated sodium glycerophosphate.

Represents not less than 68 per cent. of the anhydrous salt.

White, odorless plates, scales or powder, having a saline taste.

Very soluble in hot or cold water and nearly insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended in solutions as a nerve tonic in all kinds of wasting and nervous diseases. The weight of evidence indicates that the glycerophosphates are not superior to ordinary phosphates and that the claims for them as nerve tonics are, therefore, unfounded.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Glycerophosphatum Compositum (Elix. Glycerophos. Co.), Compound Elixir of Glycerophosphates, N.F. _(Compound Solution of Glycerophosphates).--Solution of sodium glycerophosphate (4%), calcium glycerophosphate (1.6%), ferric glycerophosphate (0.3%), soluble manganese glycerophosphate (0.2%), quinine glycerophosphate (0.1%), strychnine glycerophosphate (0.015%), lactic acid (1%) and compound spirit of cardamom, in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

USES: A highly complex and therefore irrational preparation of the inactive glycerophosphates.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Sodii Glycerophosphatis (Liq. Sod. Glycerophos.). Solution of Sodium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P._--Anhydrous sodium glycerophosphate (not less than 50%) in water.

DOSAGE: 0.35 Cc. or 6 minims (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Hydroxidum (Sod. Hydrox.), Sodium Hydroxide, U.S.P.= (Caustic Soda, Sodium Hydrate).--NaOH (not less than 90%).

White, odorless ma.s.ses or hard, brittle sticks. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and very soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of pota.s.sium hydroxide.

_*Liquor Sodii Hydroxidi (Liq. Sod. Hydrox.), Solution of Sodium Hydroxide, U.S.P._ (Liquor Sodae, Solution of Soda).--NaOH (about 5%) in water.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Hypophosphis (Sod. Hypophos.), Sodium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.=--NaH{2}PO{2} + H{2}O.

Colorless plates or white powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1) and soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: The hypophosphites have been prescribed as "tonics," but all reliable evidence indicates that they are inert.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Hypophosphitis (Elix. Sod. Hypophos.), Elixir of Sodium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Sodium hypophosphite (3.5%), hypophosphorous acid (0.4%), and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.

USES: Objectionable alcoholic preparation of an inactive drug.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Sodii Hypophosphitis (Syr. Sod. Hypophos.), Syrup of Sodium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Sodium hypophosphite (3.5%), and hypophosphorous acid (0.2%) in syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Sodii Indigotindisulphonas (Sod. Indigotin.), Sodium Indigotindisulphonate, U.S.P.= (Indigo Carmine).

Blue powder or dark purple paste. Sparingly soluble in water and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Coloring agent.

=*Sodii Iodidum (Sod. Iod.), Sodium Iodide, U.S.P.=--NaI.