Illustrated Catalogue Of The Collections Obtained From The Indians Of New Mexico Part 13

The following numbers represent specimens of cooking pots of varying sizes, though generally small and of the form of No. 744, though some few present the appearance of bowls:

745-766. 745, (41115); 746, (41116); 747, (41117); 748, (41118); 749, (41119); 750, (41120); 751, (41121); 752, (41122); 753, (41123); 754, (41124); 755, (41125); 756, (41126); 757, (41127); 758, (41128); 759, (41129); 760, (41130); 761, (41131); 762, (41132); 763, (41137); 764, (41138); 765, (41140); 766, (41141).

The following belong to the _sa-mu-yen_ bowls:

767-804. 767, (41055); 768, (41056); 769, (41057); 770, (41058); 771, (41059); 772, (41060); 773, (41061); 774, (41062); 775, (41063); 776, (41064); 777, (41065); 778, (41066); 779, (41067); 780, (41068); 781, (41069); 782, (41070); 783, (41071); 784, (41072); 785, (41073); 786, (41074); 787, (41075); 788, (41076); 789, (41077); 790, (41078); 791, (41079); 792, (41080); 793, (41081); 794, (41082); 795, (41083); 796, (41084); 797, (41085); 798, (41086); 799, (41087); 800, (41088); 801, (41089); 802, (41090); 803, (41091); 804, (41092), shown in Fig. 434.

805-826. 805, (41093); 806, (41094); 807, (41095); 808, (41096); 809, (41097); 810, (41098); 811, (41099); 812, (41100); 813, (41101); 814, (41102); 815, (41103); 816, (41104); 817, (41106); 818, (41107); 819, (41108); 820, (41109); 821, (41110); 822, (41111); 823, (41112); 824, (41133); 825, (41139); 826, (41143). This is an unburnt specimen of unusual form, resembling in this respect a sugar bowl, its margin and sides undulated.

827, 828. 827, (40853), bowl-shaped with conical bottom; 828, (41053), Fig. 432, pot-shaped, but with four legs.

829, 830. 829, (41134); 830, (41135), are really pitchers, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 431, which represents the latter, but they appear to be made for cooking purposes, as they are designated by the name _sa-mu-yen_.

_LADLES._

Called by the Zunians _sa-sho-kon-ne_. These are of two forms, one resembling somewhat an oyster-sh.e.l.l, the other with a handle resembling a spoon. The forms and decorations are shown in the figures. They are of white ware usually with figures on the inner surface, and of red ware without ornamentation. They vary in size from eight inches in length and five inches across the bowl to four and a half and two and a half inches.

831-839. 831, (39884); 832, (39894), Fig. 438; 833, (40430); 834, (40431); 835, (40432), flower in the bowl; 836, (40433); 837, (40460); 838, (40461); 839, (41254). With handles.

840-841. 840, (39895); 841, (39896), figures of elks in the bowl.

Without handles.

842. (39929).

843, 844. 843, (40408) scrolls; 844, (40417), Fig. 440.

845, 846. 845, (40418); 846, (40419), this has a pretty marginal band, and the figure of a slender bird in the bowl.

847-851. 847, (40420); 848, (40421); 849, (40422), Fig. 439; 450, (40423); 451, (40424), resembles Fig. 440.

852-868. 852, (40425); 853, (40427); 854, (40428); 855, (40429); 856, (40434); 857, (40435); 858, (40437); 859, (40438); 860, (40439); 861, (40441); 862, (40442); 863, (40459); 864, (40462); 865, (40463); 866, (40675); 867, (40677); 868, (40678), Fig. 441.

869, 870. 869, (40679); 870, (40875), Fig. 437.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 437 (40875) () Fig. 438 (39894) (?) Fig. 439 (40422) (?) Fig. 440 (40417) (?) Fig. 441 (40678) (?) Figs. 437-441.--Zuni Ladles.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 442 (39971) () Fig. 443 (40075) (?) Fig. 444 (40400) (?) Fig. 445 (40371) (?) Fig. 446 (40377) (?) Fig. 447 (40372) (?) Figs. 442-447.--Zuni Clay Baskets.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 448 (40359) (?) Fig. 449 (41019) (?) Fig. 450 (40356) () Fig. 451 (40355) (?) Fig. 452 (40354) (?) Fig. 453 (40379) (?) Figs. 448-453.--Zuni Clay Baskets.]

_BASKETS._

Called by the Zunians, _ah-wehl-wi-ah-pa-sahl_. These vessels, which vary in size from four to eight inches in diameter and from two to five in depth, are in the form of bowls, sometimes with a handle over the top like a basket handle, sometimes without. The margin is either scalloped, as in Fig. 452, or terraced so as to resemble the section of a pyramid or pueblo, being cut in this form with a horse-hair while soft. They are always of white ware decorated with black. The margin is uniformly black, and there is often an inner and outer submarginal narrow band following the undulations or terraces. The figures most common, and in fact almost exclusively used, are those resembling tadpoles, but which, as I learned, are intended to represent a small crustacean or the larva of an insect common in the water-pools and streams of the Zuni country; and the somewhat grotesque figures of the horned toad (_Phrynosoma_).

These figures are placed both on the outer and inner surfaces, though the figure of the reptile is generally found on the outer.

These singular vessels are used by the Indians only in their sacred and ceremonial dances. In them is placed a small quant.i.ty of meal; they are then borne in the hands of the women, who, during the dance, take a small quant.i.ty of the meal, just as much as they can hold between the tips of the fingers, and sprinkle it on the sacred objects and on the heads of the persons leading in the ceremonies.

As the forms and decorations are correctly shown in the figures, I shall only notice those which are unusual.

Without handles; margin scalloped:

871-873. 871, (40074); 872, (40075), Fig. 443; 873, (40400), Fig. 444.

Without handles; margin terraced:

874. (40337). Figures of insects on outer surface.

875-881. 875, (40344); 876, (40364); 877, (40367); 878, (40368); 879, (40369); 880, (40370); 881, (40371), Fig. 445.

882-899. 882, (40372), Fig. 447; 883, (40373); 884, (40374); 885, (40375); 886, (40376); 887, (40377), Fig. 446; 888, (40378); 889, (40380); 890, (40381); 891, (40382); 892, (40383); 893, (40384); 894, (40385); 895, (40392); 896, (40393); 897, (40394); 898, (40396); 899, (40803), this specimen, which is but slightly burnt, is more globular in form than usual, and has mounted on each pyramid a small image, one human, one of a dog or fox, one of a chicken, and the other probably intended for a bird. This is really not a meal basket, but is carried in the dance for rain, and bears the name _tkha-po-ka-tehl-le_.

900-902. 900, (41014); 901, (41015), this has in the place of the reptile the figure of a bird; 902, (41018).

903. (39971). Fig. 442. A Zuni clay basket without handles; the form of the margin and inner decorations are unusual, and on this account and the fact that the little water animal does not appear on it, it is probably from some other tribe, though obtained at Zuni.

904. (40354). Fig. 452. With handles; margin scalloped. The decorations on this basket are unusual. The chief figure and the most interesting one on this entire group of pottery is that of a snake encircling the body of the basket; on the head of which is a feather crest.

905. (41019). Fig. 449. A Zuni dance basket, one of the most complete in form and decoration in the collection.

906-909. 906, (40356), Fig. 450; 907, (40390); 908, (40391); 909, (40806). This is more cup shaped than usual, and is ornamented with the geometrical figures common on bowls. It belongs to a distinct cla.s.s of sacred vessels to which the name _tkha-po-ka-tehl-le_ is applied.

910-913. 910, (40336); 911, (40353); 912, (40355), Fig. 451; 913, (40357), varies in having the head of a bird. With handles; margins terraced.

914-922. 914, (40358); 915, (40360); 916, (40361); 917, (40362); 918, (40365); 919, (40366); 920, (40359), Fig. 448; 921, (40379), Fig. 453; 922, (40386). This and the three following specimens are small baskets called by the Zunians _ah'-wehl-wi-ah-pa-sahl-tsan-na_.

923-928. 923, (40387); 924, (40388); 925, (40389); 926, (40395). This and the two following bear the same figures as observed on Fig. 452.

927, (40397); 928, (40398).

929. (40399). This basket is ornamented with the conventional little water animal, inside and out; it also presents the head and tail of a snake, the body of which encircles the base of the basket. The head of the snake is decorated with a crest and a horn-like projection immediately before the eyes. The tongue and teeth are also represented in colors on the specimen. The rim is serrated and painted black with a small line conforming to the black band immediately under it.

930. (41016). Is without a handle, but noticeable for the representation of a bird, on each side of which are two of the little water animals.

931. (41017). Basket without handle and four pyramids with serrated edges, and representation of horned toad on sides.

932. (41019). Basket with handle, large toad on each side, and a dragonfly on each side of the toad.

_PAINT CUPS._

These are always small, but vary in size from one and a half to three inches in height. They are usually in the form of water vases or globular jars, though sometimes of a true cup shape, and occasionally cubical. They are generally single, but quite often double, and occasionally triple and quadruple. To the large-sized single ones the Zunians apply the name of _hel-i-po-ka-tehl-le_; and to those of smaller sizes, _hel-i-po-ka-tehl-tsan-na_. They are usually without handles, but sometimes these are present. The double ones are connected only by a bar extending from the body of one to that of the other; and the triple and quadruple ones in a similar manner. They are of red and white ware like the other pottery; the decorations on the white are similar to those already described, so far as they can be adapted to these small articles.

We shall give the numbers without remarks, except to note unusual forms and figures.

Single cups:

933-938. 933, (39881); 934, (39888); 935, (39938); 936, (39939); 937, (39944); 938, (39945); with figures of the little aquatic animal so frequently represented on the earthenware baskets used in rain dances.

939-942. 939, (39949); 940, (40036); 941, (40111); 942, (40112); square, box-shaped, of brown ware and very rude.