The History of England from the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of King George the Fifth Part 62

Thomas Reynolds, executed at Tyburne.

Edward Morgan, executed at Tyburne.

Thomas Sanderson, als. Hammond, executed at Tyburne.

Henry Heath, alias Pall Magdelen, executed at Tyburne.

Francis Quashet, dyed in Newgate after judgment.

Arthur Bell, executed at Tyburne.

Ralph Corbey, executed at Tyburne.

John d.u.c.h.et, executed at Tyburne.

John Hamond, als. Jackson, condemned, reprieved by the king, and died in Newgate.

Walter Coleman, condemned and died in Newgate,

Edmond Cannon, condemned and died in Newgate.

John Wigmore, als. Turner, condemned, reprieved by the king, and is in custodie in Newgate.

Andrew Ffryer, alias Herne, als. Richmond, condemned and died in Newgate.

Augustian Abbot, als. Rivers, condemned, reprieved by the king, and died in Newgate.

John Goodman, condemned and died in Newgate.

Peter Welford, condemned and died in Newgate.

Thomas Bullaker, executed at Tyburne.

Robert Robinson, indicted and proved, and made an escape out of the King's Bench.

James Brown, condemned and died in Newgate.

Henry Morse, executed at Tyburne.

Thomas Worseley, alias Harvey, indicted and proved, and reprieved by the Spanish amba.s.sador and others.

Charles Chanie (Cheney) als. Tomson, indicted and proved, and begged by the Spanish amba.s.sador, and since taken by command of the councell of state, and is now in Newgate.

Andrew White, indicted, proved, reprieved before judgment, and banished.

Richard Copley, condemned and banished.

Richard Worthington, found guiltie and banished.

Edmond Cole, Peter Wright, and William Morgan, indicted, proved, and sent beyond sea.

Philip Morgan, executed at Tyburne.

Edmond Ensher, als. Arrow, indicted, condemned, reprieved by the parliament and banished.

Thomas Budd, als. Peto, als. Gray, condemned, reprieved by the lord mayor of London, and others, justices, and since retaken by order of the councell of state, and is now in Newgate.

George Baker, als. Macham, indicted, proved guiltie, and now in Newgate.

Peter Beale, als. Wright, executed at Tyburne.

George Sage, indicted by us, and found guiltie, and since is dead.

James Wadsworth.

Francis Newton.

Thomas Mayo.

Robert de Luke."

This catalogue tells a fearful but instructive tale; inasmuch as it shows how wantonly men can sport with the lives of their fellow-men, if it suit the purpose of a great political party. The patriots, to enlist in their favour the religious prejudices of the people, represented the king as the patron of popery, because he sent the priests into banishment, instead of delivering them to the knife of the executioner. Hence, when they became lords of the ascendant, they were bound to make proof of their orthodoxy; and almost every execution mentioned above took place by their order in 1642, or 1643. After that time they began to listen to the voice of humanity, and adopted the very expedient which they had so clamorously condemned. They banished, instead of hanging and quartering.

NOTE H, p. 493.

_Revenue of the Protector._

When the parliament, in 1654, undertook to settle an annual sum on the protector, Oliver Cromwell, the following, according to the statement of the sub-committee, was the amount of the revenue in the three kingdoms:--

Excise and customs in England . . . . . . . . . . . 80,000 Excise and customs in Scotland . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 Excise and customs in Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000 Monthly a.s.sessments in England (at 60,0001.) . . . 720,000 Monthly a.s.sessments in Ireland (at 8,0001.) . . . . 96,000 Monthly a.s.sessments in Scotland (at 8,0001.) . . . 96,000 Crown revenue in Guernsey and Jersey . . . . . . . 2,000 Crown revenue in Scotland . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,000 Estates of papists and delinquents in England . . . 60,000 Estates of papists and delinquents in Scotland . . 30,000 Rent of houses belonging to the crown . . . . . . . 1,250 Post-office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 Exchequer revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000 Probate of wills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 Coinage of tin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000 Wine licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 Forest of Dean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,000 Fines on alienations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000 --------- 1,200,000

[From the original report in the collection of Thomas Lloyd, Esq.]

NOTE I, p. 558.

_Principles of the Levellers_.

The following statement of the principles maintained by the Levellers is extracted from one of their publications, which appeared soon after the death of Cromwell, ent.i.tled "The Leveller; or, The Principles and Maxims concerning Government and Religion, which are a.s.serted by those that are commonly called Levellers, 1659."

_Principles of Government_.

1. The government of England ought to be by laws, and not by men; that is, the laws ought to judge of all offences and offenders, and all punishments and penalties to be inflicted upon criminals; nor ought the pleasure of his highness and his council to make whom they please offenders, and punish and imprison whom they please, and during pleasure.

2. All laws, levies of moneys, war and peace, ought be made by the people's deputies in parliament, to be chosen by them successively at certain periods. Therefore there should be no negative of a monarch, because he will frequently by that means consult his own interest or that of his family, to the prejudice of the people. But it would be well if the deputies of the people were divided into two bodies, one of which should propose the laws, and the other adopt or reject them.

3. All persons, without a single exception, should be subject to the law.