1001 Questions and Answers on Orthography and Reading Part 19

102. _How are Emphatic words distinguished?_ By different styles of printing.

103. _How many kinds of letters are used to denote emphasis?_ Three usually.

104. _What are they?_ Italics, small capitals, and capitals.

105. _What is Ant.i.thetic emphasis?_ Same as Relative.

106. _What is Modulation?_ Variation of the voice in speaking and reading.

107. _What is Pure tone?_ A clear, flowing sound, with moderate pitch.

108. _What is the Orotund?_ Pure tone intensified.

109. _For what is it adapted?_ To express sublime and pathetic emotions.

110. _What is the Aspirated tone?_ An expulsion of breath, the words being spoken in a whisper.

111. _What is the Guttural quality?_ Deep undertone.

112. _What does it express?_ Hatred, contempt, loathing, etc.

113. _What is the Trembling tone?_ A constant waver of the voice.

114. _What does it express?_ An intense degree of suppressed excitement, or personates old age.

115. _What are Pauses?_ Suspensions of the voice in reading or speaking.

116. _How many kinds of pauses are there?_ Two.

117. _What are they?_ Grammatical and Rhetorical.

118. _What is Suspensive quant.i.ty?_ Prolongation of the voice at the end of a word without making an actual pause.

119. _What does Quant.i.ty embrace?_ Force and rate.

120. _What quality of voice is mostly used in speaking and reading?_ Pure tone.

121. _What is meant by Prose?_ All composition which is not written in verse.

122. _What are some of the varieties of Prose?_ Letters, Essays, Travels, History, and Discourses.

123. _What is a Letter as a variety of prose?_ A written communication addressed by the writer to some other person.

124. _What is an Essay?_ A written discourse on some special subject.

125. _What are Travels?_ Records of journeys.

126. _What is History?_ A record of past events.

127. _What is a Discourse?_ A performance read or spoken to an audience.

128. _Should the voice agree in style with the different varieties of prose?_ It should, and the performer should endeavor to produce the exact sentiments of the writer.

129. _What is Poetry?_ A discourse written in verse and metrical language.

130. _What is a Verse?_ A single line of metrical language.

131. _Is it correct to use the term verse in speaking of a division of prose?_ It is not.

132. _What should we call such division?_ Paragraph or Division.

133. _What is a Stanza?_ A number of metrical lines, or verses, combined according to a regular system.

134. _How many kinds of metrical language?_ Two.

135. _What are they?_ Rhyme and Blank Verse.

136. _What is Rhyme?_ That language in which the concluding syllables of the verses have a similarity of sound.

137. _How many kinds of Rhyme?_ Two.

138. _What are they?_ Perfect and imperfect.

139. _What is a Perfect rhyme?_ Where the vowels have the same sound.

140. _What is an Imperfect rhyme?_ Where the vowels have a different sound.

141. _What is Blank Verse?_ A kind of metrical language in which there is no similarity of sound.

142. _What is the Caesura pause?_ A rhythmic pause occurring in a verse.

143. _How many rules should be observed in the use of the Caesura?_ Three.

144. _Give Rule 1._ The pause should be near the middle of the verse.

145. _Give Rule 2._ It should never divide a word.

146. _Give Rule 3._ Should not separate words from their modifiers, as adjectives from nouns, adverbs from verbs, etc.

147. _Do all verses have the Caesura pause?_ They do if over three feet in length.

148. _What is meant by a Foot in verse?_ A certain portion of a line divided according to accent.

149. _When melody comes in contact with accent, which should yield?_ Accent.

150. _Is there any other rhythmic pause than the Caesura?_ There is; the demi-caesura is sometimes used.

151. _How many kinds of Poetry are there?_ Seven.