Seeing The Elephant Part 12

81 Chris Hawley, "Seniors Head South to Mexican Nursing Homes," Chris Hawley, "Seniors Head South to Mexican Nursing Homes," USA Today USA Today, August 15, 2007, http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-08-15-mexnursinghome_N.htm?POE-click-refer.

82 Ibid. Ibid.

83 Mario Gonzalez,"Lake Chapala:The Oasis of Mexico's Retirement Destinations," Mario Gonzalez,"Lake Chapala:The Oasis of Mexico's Retirement Destinations," Security Corner Security Corner, September 20, 2007, http://www.securitycornermexico.com/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=290.

84 Ibid. Ibid.

85 For example, Mexico has immigrant and nonimmigrant For example, Mexico has immigrant and nonimmigrant rentista rentista visas for people of any age who do not work in the country and are economically self-sufficient (this includes income from pensions or investment). Panama has enacted a similar policy, with two visas-the visas for people of any age who do not work in the country and are economically self-sufficient (this includes income from pensions or investment). Panama has enacted a similar policy, with two visas-the pensionado pensionado and and rentista rentista-that specifically target retirees. In addition to making the visas easier to obtain for retirees, the Panamanian government is luring foreigners to relocate with several perks, including a special 20-year property tax exemption on newly constructed homes, as well as discounts for seniors on entertainment, restaurant meals, hotels, utilities, and medical care.

86 Ibid. Ibid.

87 Ibid. Ibid.

Chapter 6: Promoting Tomorrow's Health Instead of Paying for Yesterday's Ills 1 Lee Jong-wook, "Launch of the Chronic Disease Report," presentation at Mauritius Inst.i.tute of Health, World Health Organization, March 7, 2006, Lee Jong-wook, "Launch of the Chronic Disease Report," presentation at Mauritius Inst.i.tute of Health, World Health Organization, March 7, 2006, http://www.who.int/dg/lee/speeches/2006/mauritius_chronic_disease/en/index.html.

2 "Chronic Disease Overview," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Chronic Disease Overview," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/overview.htm.

3 Jeanne Lambrew, "Consumer-Driven Health Plans Prevent Prevention," Center for American Progress, April 10, 2008, Jeanne Lambrew, "Consumer-Driven Health Plans Prevent Prevention," Center for American Progress, April 10, 2008, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2008/04/prevention.html/#article1.

4 Lee Jong-wook, "Launch of the Chronic Disease Report." Lee Jong-wook, "Launch of the Chronic Disease Report."

5 Angela Zimm, Bloomberg News,"Chronic Illnesses on Rise, Study Says," Angela Zimm, Bloomberg News,"Chronic Illnesses on Rise, Study Says," Boston Globe Boston Globe, June 27, 2007, http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2007/06/27/chronic_illnesses_on_rise_study_says/.

6 J. A. Poisal et al., "Health Spending Projections Through 2016: Modest Changes Obscure Part D's Impact," J. A. Poisal et al., "Health Spending Projections Through 2016: Modest Changes Obscure Part D's Impact," Health Affairs Health Affairs, February 21, 2007,W242-253.

7 For fiscal year 2009, Medicare (the U.S. government program that supports 44 million elderly and disabled) will receive $420 billion in federal funding, while Medicaid (which provides health coverage and long-term care a.s.sistance to over 44 million low-income individuals and 14 million elderly and disabled people) will receive $224 billion. For fiscal year 2009, Medicare (the U.S. government program that supports 44 million elderly and disabled) will receive $420 billion in federal funding, while Medicaid (which provides health coverage and long-term care a.s.sistance to over 44 million low-income individuals and 14 million elderly and disabled people) will receive $224 billion.

8 P. T. Huynh, C. Schoen, R. Osborn, and A. L. Holmgren, "The U.S. Health Care Divide: Disparities in Primary Care Experiences by Income," Commonwealth Fund, April 2006. P. T. Huynh, C. Schoen, R. Osborn, and A. L. Holmgren, "The U.S. Health Care Divide: Disparities in Primary Care Experiences by Income," Commonwealth Fund, April 2006.

9 Michael D. Tanner, "The Gra.s.s Is Not Always Greener: A Look at National Health Care Systems Around the World," Michael D. Tanner, "The Gra.s.s Is Not Always Greener: A Look at National Health Care Systems Around the World," Policy a.n.a.lysis Policy a.n.a.lysis 613, March 18, 2008, 613, March 18, 2008, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=9272.

10 "Justification of Estimates for Appropriation Committees," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services Fiscal Year 2009, "Justification of Estimates for Appropriation Committees," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services Fiscal Year 2009, http://www.hhs.gov/budget/docbudget.htm#brief.

11 Ibid. Ibid.

12 "China Accused of Sars 'Cover-Up,'" "China Accused of Sars 'Cover-Up,'" BBC News BBC News, April 9, 2003, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2932319.stm.

13 Brian Knowlton, "2 Flights Carried Man with Deadly TB," Brian Knowlton, "2 Flights Carried Man with Deadly TB," New York Times New York Times, May 29, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/29/health/29cnd-tb.html?_r=1&ref=health&oref=slogin.

14 Jeanne M. Lambrew and John D. Podesta, "Promoting Prevention and Preempting Costs: A New Wellness Trust for the United States," Center for American Progress, October 5, 2006, 3. Jeanne M. Lambrew and John D. Podesta, "Promoting Prevention and Preempting Costs: A New Wellness Trust for the United States," Center for American Progress, October 5, 2006, 3.

15 Nanci h.e.l.lmich, "Childhood Obesity, a Lifetime of Danger," Nanci h.e.l.lmich, "Childhood Obesity, a Lifetime of Danger," USA Today USA Today, January 13, 2008, http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/weightloss/2008-01-13-childhood-obesity_N.htm.

16 Ibid. Ibid.

17 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision (New York: United Nations, 2007), (New York: United Nations, 2007), http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf. See Figure 2 for a full ranking of life expectancies.

18 "Tobacco Timeline," "Tobacco Timeline," 2000 Surgeon General's Report-Reducing Tobacco Use 2000 Surgeon General's Report-Reducing Tobacco Use, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2000/highlights/highlight_historical.htm.

19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Cigarette Smoking Among Adults-United States 2006," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Cigarette Smoking Among Adults-United States 2006," MMWR Weekly MMWR Weekly 56, no. 44 (November 6, 2007): 1157-1161, 56, no. 44 (November 6, 2007): 1157-1161, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5644a2.htm.

20 "Higher Cigarette Taxes Reduce Smoking, Save Lives, Save Money," Tobacco Free Kids, May 12, 2007, "Higher Cigarette Taxes Reduce Smoking, Save Lives, Save Money," Tobacco Free Kids, May 12, 2007, http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/reports/prices/.

21 "Smoking and Tobacco Use," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Smoking and Tobacco Use," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/tables/economics/expdcom.htm.

22 "10 Facts on the Tobacco Epidemic and Global Tobacco Control," World Health Organization, "10 Facts on the Tobacco Epidemic and Global Tobacco Control," World Health Organization, http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/tobacco_epidemic/en/index.html.

23 Ibid. Ibid.

24 U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, "Food Consumption," U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, "Food Consumption," Briefing Rooms Briefing Rooms, May 25, 2007, http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/Consumption/.

25 "A Way Out of the Mess?" "A Way Out of the Mess?" Time Time, July 23, 1973, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878617-1,00.html.

26 Christine Sismondo, "Children of the Corn," Christine Sismondo, "Children of the Corn," Toronto Star Toronto Star, May 14, 2006, http://www.michaelpollan.com/press.php?id=51.

27 "Soda Warning? High-Fructose Corn Syrup Linked to Diabetes, New Study Suggests," "Soda Warning? High-Fructose Corn Syrup Linked to Diabetes, New Study Suggests," Science Daily Science Daily, August 23, 2007, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070823094819.htm.

28 "Study: Vegan Diets Healthier for Planet, People than Meat Diets," University of Chicago Press Office, April 13, 2006, "Study: Vegan Diets Healthier for Planet, People than Meat Diets," University of Chicago Press Office, April 13, 2006, http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/06/060413.diet.shtml.

29 University of Chicago Press Office. University of Chicago Press Office.

30 Lambrew and Podesta, "Promoting Prevention and Preempting Costs." Lambrew and Podesta, "Promoting Prevention and Preempting Costs."

31 Jeanne M. Lambrew and John D. Podesta, "Health Prevention as a Priority: Creating a 'Wellness Trust,'" Jeanne M. Lambrew and John D. Podesta, "Health Prevention as a Priority: Creating a 'Wellness Trust,'" Was.h.i.+ngton Post Was.h.i.+ngton Post, October 17, 2006, http://www.was.h.i.+ngtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/16/AR2006101600880.html.

32 Shannon Brownlee, Shannon Brownlee, Overtreated: Why Too Much Medicine Is Making Us Sicker and Poorer Overtreated: Why Too Much Medicine Is Making Us Sicker and Poorer (New York: Bloomsbury, 2007), 6. (New York: Bloomsbury, 2007), 6.

33 Ibid., 6-7. Ibid., 6-7.

34 Ibid., 5. Ibid., 5.

35 Catharine W. Burt, Esther Hing, and David Woodwell, "Electronic Medical Record Use by Office-Based Physicians," National Center for Health Statistics, Catharine W. Burt, Esther Hing, and David Woodwell, "Electronic Medical Record Use by Office-Based Physicians," National Center for Health Statistics, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/electronic/electronic.htm.

36 Brownlee, Brownlee, Overtreated Overtreated, 4.

37 Samuel Uretsky, "Healthcare in the United States," Samuel Uretsky, "Healthcare in the United States," Medhunters Medhunters, http://www.medhunters.com/articles/healthcareInTheUsa.html.

38 Lambrew, "Consumer-Driven Health Plans." Lambrew, "Consumer-Driven Health Plans."

39 "Background Basics on Prevention," "Background Basics on Prevention,"http://www.americanprogress.com.

40 Josef Woodman, Josef Woodman, Patients Beyond Borders Patients Beyond Borders, http://www.patientsbeyondborders.com/media-room/faq.php.

41 "Medical Tourism Growing Worldwide," "Medical Tourism Growing Worldwide," UDaily UDaily, July 25, 2005. http://www.udel.edu/PR/Udaily/2005/mar/tourism072505html.

42 "600,000 Medical Tourists Visit Thailand," "600,000 Medical Tourists Visit Thailand," Globe Health Tours Globe Health Tours, November 26, 2006. http://news.globehealthtours.com/category/medical-tourism-statistics/.

43 Woodman, Woodman, Patients Beyond Borders Patients Beyond Borders.

44 "Why Harvard Is Coming to India: Brand Name Healthcare Boosts Medical Tourism," "Why Harvard Is Coming to India: Brand Name Healthcare Boosts Medical Tourism," Health and Medical Tourism Health and Medical Tourism, http://www.ealthmedicaltour.ism.org/Blogs/The_Shabana_Medical_and_Dental_Tourism_Blog/Why_Harvard_Is_Coming_to_India/ism.org/Blogs/The_Shabana_Medical_and_Dental_Tourism_Blog/Why_Harvard_Is_Coming_to_India/.

45 "CDC's Origins and Malaria," Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "CDC's Origins and Malaria," Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/history/history_cdc.htm.

46 "History of WHO,"World Health Organization, "History of WHO,"World Health Organization, http://www.who.int/about/history/en/index.html.

47 "Declaration of Alma-Ata," World Health Organization, 1978, "Declaration of Alma-Ata," World Health Organization, 1978, http://www.who.int/hpr/NPH/docs/declaration_almaata.pdf.

48 According to the WHO web site at According to the WHO web site at www.who.int, its six-point agenda includes the following: promoting development; fostering health security; strengthening health systems; harnessing research, information, and evidence; enhancing partners.h.i.+ps; and improving performance.

49 "Pandemics and Pandemic Threats Since 1900," available online at "Pandemics and Pandemic Threats Since 1900," available online at www.pandemicflu.gov.

50 "The Threat of Global Pandemics," transcript, Council on Foreign Affairs, June 16, 2005, "The Threat of Global Pandemics," transcript, Council on Foreign Affairs, June 16, 2005, http://www.cfr.org/publication/8198/threat_of_global_pandemics.html.

51 Ibid. Ibid.

52 Ibid. Ibid.

53 D. Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health: A Framework for a.n.a.lysis and Action," D. Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health: A Framework for a.n.a.lysis and Action," Bulletin of the World Health Organization Bulletin of the World Health Organization 79 (2001): 875-881. 79 (2001): 875-881.

54 Reuters, "China Hospitals Using 'Fake Plasma' Drip," Reuters, "China Hospitals Using 'Fake Plasma' Drip," Alertnet Alertnet, November 9, 2007, http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/PEK134452.htm.

55 Georgia Inst.i.tute of Technology, "Fake Pharmaceuticals: Increase in Counterfeit Anti-Malarial Drugs Prompts Call for Crackdown and Better Detection," Georgia Inst.i.tute of Technology, "Fake Pharmaceuticals: Increase in Counterfeit Anti-Malarial Drugs Prompts Call for Crackdown and Better Detection," Science Daily Science Daily 20, June 2006, 20, June 2006, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060619005440.htm.

56 Peggy B. Hu and Berta Gomez, "Public Safety Jeopardized by Chinese Counterfeiters," U.S. Information Agency, U.S. Department of State, May 20, 2005, Peggy B. Hu and Berta Gomez, "Public Safety Jeopardized by Chinese Counterfeiters," U.S. Information Agency, U.S. Department of State, May 20, 2005, http://usinfo.state.gov/eap/Archive/2005/May/20-45620.html.

57 Georgia Inst.i.tute of Technology. Georgia Inst.i.tute of Technology.

58 "China Probes 'Tainted' Toothpaste," "China Probes 'Tainted' Toothpaste," BBC New BBC News, May 23, 2007, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6684563.stm.

59 Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health." Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health."

60 Ronald Labonte and Ted Schrecker, "Globalization and Social Determinants of Health: Introduction and Methodological Background," Ronald Labonte and Ted Schrecker, "Globalization and Social Determinants of Health: Introduction and Methodological Background," Globalization and Health Globalization and Health 3 (2007): 5, 3 (2007): 5, http://globalizationandhealth.com/content/3/1/5.

61 John Wyn Owen and Olivia Roberts, "Globalization, Health and Foreign Policy: Emerging Linkages and Interests," John Wyn Owen and Olivia Roberts, "Globalization, Health and Foreign Policy: Emerging Linkages and Interests," Globalization and Health Globalization and Health 1 (2005): 12. 1 (2005): 12.

62 Melissa Curley and Nicholas Thomas, "Human Security and Public Health in Southeast Asia: The SARS Outbreak," Melissa Curley and Nicholas Thomas, "Human Security and Public Health in Southeast Asia: The SARS Outbreak," Australian Journal of International Affairs Australian Journal of International Affairs 58, no. 1 (2004): 17-32. 58, no. 1 (2004): 17-32.

63 Owen and Roberts, "Globalization, Health and Foreign Policy." Owen and Roberts, "Globalization, Health and Foreign Policy."

64 Labonte and Schrecker, "Globalization and Social Determinants of Health." Labonte and Schrecker, "Globalization and Social Determinants of Health."

65 Global Health Council, October 30, 2007. Global Health Council, October 30, 2007.

66 Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health." Woodward et al., "Globalization and Health."

67 UNAID report, 17. UNAID report, 17.

68 "Emerging Threats," Global Health Council, "Emerging Threats," Global Health Council, www.globalhealth.org/view_top.php3?id=229.

69 "HealthCast 2020: Creating a Sustainable Future," PricewaterhouseCoopers' Health Research Inst.i.tute. "HealthCast 2020: Creating a Sustainable Future," PricewaterhouseCoopers' Health Research Inst.i.tute.

70 "Working Towards Wellness: The Business Rationale," World Economic Forum, 2008. "Working Towards Wellness: The Business Rationale," World Economic Forum, 2008.

71 "HealthCast 2020." "HealthCast 2020."

72 See the CDC web site at See the CDC web site at http://www.cdc.gov/about/business/budget.htm.

Chapter 7: The Hidden Cost of Everything.

1 Office of the Press Secretary, "President Bush Discusses Climate Change," news release, April 16, 2008. Office of the Press Secretary, "President Bush Discusses Climate Change," news release, April 16, 2008.

2 UN General a.s.sembly, 42nd Session, Official Records, "Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future," A/42/427, 1983. UN General a.s.sembly, 42nd Session, Official Records, "Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future," A/42/427, 1983.

3 Jared Diamond, "What's Your Consumption Factor?" Jared Diamond, "What's Your Consumption Factor?" New York Times New York Times, January 2, 2008.

4 Daniel Prager and Valerie Thompson,"Findings of the Millennium Ecosystem a.s.sessment: How Do the Poor Fare?" Daniel Prager and Valerie Thompson,"Findings of the Millennium Ecosystem a.s.sessment: How Do the Poor Fare?" World Resources 2005: The Wealth of the Poor-Managing Ecosystems to Fight Poverty World Resources 2005: The Wealth of the Poor-Managing Ecosystems to Fight Poverty, World Resources Inst.i.tute, September 2005, http://population.wri.org/worldresources2005-pub-4073.html.

5 Ibid. Ibid.

6 Ibid. Ibid.

7 The inverted-U curve showing the relations.h.i.+p between economic growth and environmental degradation is sometimes called the environmental Kuznets curve, since it resembles the curve by the same name that ill.u.s.trates the relations.h.i.+p between economic growth and income inequality. The inverted-U curve showing the relations.h.i.+p between economic growth and environmental degradation is sometimes called the environmental Kuznets curve, since it resembles the curve by the same name that ill.u.s.trates the relations.h.i.+p between economic growth and income inequality.

8 Matthew Brown and Jane S. Shaw, "Does Prosperity Protect the Environment?" Matthew Brown and Jane S. Shaw, "Does Prosperity Protect the Environment?" PERC Reports PERC Reports 17, no. 1 (1999): 12.This holds true for particulate matter and certain other air pollutants. 17, no. 1 (1999): 12.This holds true for particulate matter and certain other air pollutants.

9 Jim Yardley, "Choking on Growth," Jim Yardley, "Choking on Growth," New York Times New York Times, September 28, 2007.

10 World Values Survey Online Data a.n.a.lysis, World Values Survey Online Data a.n.a.lysis, http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/ (accessed May 29, 2008). The World Values Survey is an ongoing study that has examined the basic values and beliefs of more than 80 societies around the globe approximately every five years since 1990. (accessed May 29, 2008). The World Values Survey is an ongoing study that has examined the basic values and beliefs of more than 80 societies around the globe approximately every five years since 1990.

11 Heather Timmons, "Indians Bristle at U.S. Criticism on Food Prices," Heather Timmons, "Indians Bristle at U.S. Criticism on Food Prices," International Herald Tribune International Herald Tribune, May 13, 2008, http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/05/13/business/food.php#.

12 Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, "Executive Summary," http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/independent_reviews/stern_review_economics_climate_change/sternreview_summary.cfm.

13 Richard Andrews, "Sustainable Enterprise: Implications for International Finance and Investment," February 28, 2003, Richard Andrews, "Sustainable Enterprise: Implications for International Finance and Investment," February 28, 2003, http://www.newamerica.net/publications/policy/sustainable_enterprise.

14 World Values Survey Online Data a.n.a.lysis, World Values Survey Online Data a.n.a.lysis, http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/ (accessed May 29, 2008). (accessed May 29, 2008).

15 "Rain Forest Facts," Rain-Tree, "Rain Forest Facts," Rain-Tree, http://www.rain-tree.com/facts.htm (last accessed June 4, 2008). (last accessed June 4, 2008).

16 Ibid. Ibid.