Type Part 5

BREVIER--An old size of type nearly equal to 8-point. (15)

CANON--An old size of type approximately 48-point. (15)

CAP.--Abbreviation for capital letter; s.c. or sm.cap., small capital.

COPPER-FACED TYPE--New type coated by electric action, depositing a thin film of copper, to make it more durable.

COPPER THIN s.p.a.cES--Extra thin s.p.a.ces for justifying lines. (19)

CORNER QUADS--Blanks cast in this shape [Symbol: thick right angle]

matching 6-point and 12-point quads; placed outside the corners of pages with mitered bra.s.s rules to keep the joints in place.

COUNTER--The blank s.p.a.ce within the lines of a letter or other character. (8)

DESCENDING LETTERS--Those which have part of the face below the regular alignment, g, p, y. (8)

DIAMOND--A small size of type, equal to about 4-1/2-point. (15)

DISPLAY TYPE--A general term meaning the kinds of type made for advertising, t.i.tle pages, and other composition in which different sizes and faces are used; in distinction from body type.

EM--The square of a type body. En, half the width of the square. (19)

EXTENDED, EXPANDED--An extra wide face of type.

FACE--That part of a type or printing surface which leaves its impression upon the sheet. (8)

FEET--The bottom of the type body. (8)

FONT--A complete a.s.sortment of type of one size and face. (9)

FURNITURE--A general term applied to pieces of soft metal, steel, or wood, used to fill the large blank s.p.a.ces in a printing form; made in different sizes based upon a 12-point (pica) unit.

GREAT PRIMER--An old size of type nearly equal to 18-point. (15)

HAIR s.p.a.cES--Very thin s.p.a.ces. (19)

HEIGHT-TO-PAPER--The length of a type from top to bottom, including feet and face. This is not measured by points, but by thousandths of an inch.

See Type-high. (7, 13)

HIGH s.p.a.cES AND QUADS--Used in type composition when the page is to be molded for electrotyping. (20)

HIGH-TO-LINE--When the face of a type is above the regular alignment of the other letters in the line; when below the alignment it is low-to-line. (17)

HOLLOW QUADS--Large blanks are sometimes cast with hollow parts to make them lighter and to economize metal. See Quotations.

ITALIC--The style of letters that _slope forward_, in distinction from upright, or roman, letters. (10)

JET--The waste metal at the bottom of a type when it is first cast, being the metal which cools in the aperture of the mold. (22)

JOB FONT--A small a.s.sortment of type. (11)

JOB TYPE--The kinds used for miscellaneous work, usually in small fonts, in distinction from book type, body letter, etc.

KERNED TYPES--Those which have a small part of the face projecting over the body. (18)

LAYING TYPE--Putting a font of type into cases.

LEADERS--Dots or short dashes placed at intervals in open lines to guide the eye, as in indexes, price-lists, etc. They are cast like quads for sizes of type most used. Leaders are also made of bra.s.s.

LETTER--Sometimes this word is used to mean type. Letter-press printing, that done with type. Letter foundry, a type foundry.

LINING TYPE--The exact alignment at top or bottom of the face on a type-body. (16-18)

LINOTYPE--A machine for casting type in solid lines. (23)

LONG PRIMER--An old size of type nearly equal to 10-point. (15)

LOW-TO-PAPER--Said of a type when it does not come up to the height of its mates; opposite of high-to-paper. (7)

LOW s.p.a.cES AND QUADS--Those used for ordinary composition, about seven-eighths of the length of the type. (20)

LOWER-CASE--The small letters of the alphabet. (9)

MATRIX--The shallow mold in which the face of a type is cast. (21)

MINION--An old size of type, about 7-point. (15)

MONOTYPE--A machine for casting and composing type. (25)

MORTISED TYPE--When some part of the body is cut away, either in the interior or on the sides, to allow the insertion of another letter, or to fit closer to an adjoining type. (18)

MUSIC TYPE--An a.s.sortment of characters cast in type for printing music scores.

NICK--The notch on the side of a type. (8) In fonts made for use on the Unitype composing machine each character has nicks in different position and combination from every other character, to fit its special channel, in order to control the various characters in the operation of the machine. Thus the nicks in a line of Unitype matter show great irregularity.

NONPAREIL--Old name for size of type equal to 6-point; half pica (15)

OFF ITS FEET--Type must stand squarely upright in order to give a good impression; when it leans one way or the other it is off its feet.

PARAGON--An old size of type, about 20-point (15)

PATENT s.p.a.cE--A type s.p.a.ce thicker than three-to-em and less than the en-quad. (19)

PEARL--An old size of type, about 5-point. (15)

PI--Types of different kinds mixed up in confusion.

PICA--Old name, but still commonly used, for a size of type equal to 12-point. (15) A common unit of measurement in typography.